Exam Review Biotechnology

Which process uses a body cell to create a new organism?

• Crossbreeding 
• cloning 
• genetic modification 
• gene splicing 

A genome is

• part of a chromosome
• a gene inserted into a chromosome of bacteria
• a sequence of units in a short segment of DNA
• the complete sequence of an organism’s DNA  
  

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An application of using DNA technology to help environmental scientists would be ___.

• use PCR to analyze DNA at a crime scene
• create a tobacco plant that glows in the dark
• clone the gene for human growth hormone to treat pituitary dwarfism
• make transgenic bacteria that can be used to clean up oil spills more quickly than do the natural bacteria

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Which of the following would be an example of gene therapy technology?

• development of a nasal spray that contains copies of the normal gene that is defective in person with cystic fibrosis
• cutting DNA into fragments with restriction enzymes
• modifying E. coli to produce indigo dye for coloring denim blue jeans
• separation DNA fragments using gel electrophoresis

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Recombinant DNA are currently used to produce____.

• clothing dye, cheese, and laundry products
• human antibiotics and vaccines
• crops that taste better and stay fresh longer
• all of these

The Human Genome Project has made diagnosing genetic disorders easier.Once a genetic disorder is diagnosed, ____ can be used as a possible treatment.

• cell cultures
• gene therapy
• DNA fingerprinting
• PCR

____ are produced when DNA from another species is inserted into the genome of an organism, which then begins to produce the protein encoded on the recombinant DNA.

• vectors
• plasmids
• transgenic organisms
• gene guns

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A ____ is a small ring of DNA found in a bacterial cell.

• virus
• plasmid
• gene bullet
• PCR

Which information was most important to the development of genetic engineering techniques?

• the observation of nondominant alleles
• the discovery of lethal genes
• the formulation of Punnett squares
• the structure of the DNA molecule

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Which best describes a controversial issue associated with the use of genetically modified crops?

• the use of genetically modified crops to increase potential yield

• the short term use of genetically modified crops in famine stricken countries

• the development of genetically modified crops which are resistant to herbicides

• the long term effects which may arise from the use of genetically modified crops

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