CHROMOSOMES, GENES, AND DNA

Study the diagram.Based on the diagram, which statement is true?

• Genes are made up of chromosomes.

• Chromosomes contain a single gene.

• Centromeres hold instructions for how to make proteins.

• Genes are present on chromosomes and control traits in an individual.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-1

The lightly shaded regions of a chromosome represent sections of DNA called genes. What type of information is encoded within genes?

• Genes are sections of proteins that code for specific DNA sequences.

• Genes are sections of proteins that code for specific cells.

• Genes are sections of DNA that code for specific proteins.

• Genes are sections of cells that code for specific proteins.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

Examine the diagram.What is the correct description of the structure in the box labeled Z?

• It is a protein, which is composed of amino acids, found on a chromosome.

• It is a protein, which is composed of DNA, found only in asexually reproducing organisms.

• It is a gene, which is composed of DNA, found on a chromosome.

• It is a gene, which is composed of amino acids, found only in sexually reproducing organisms.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

NGSS.HS-LS3-1

Most cells in the human body contain 23 pairs of chromosomes. The diagram represents human chromosome 7. Each lightly shaded band represents a section of DNA that is divided into numerous genes. Since a gene ultimately codes for protein production, what can be inferred from this diagram?

• Chromosomes contain multiple genes that code for the production of several different types of proteins.

• Chromosomes contain multiple genes that collectively code for the production of one specific protein.

• Chromosomes contain a single gene split up into several sections, coding for the production of one specific protein.

• Chromosomes contain a single gene split up into several sections, coding for the production of several different types of proteins.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

NGSS.HS-LS3-1

The diagram shows relationships between certain structures within the cell. Which chart correctly identifies these structures and the relationships between them?

• A

• B

• C

• D

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

What is a disadvantage for organisms that reproduce asexually rather than sexually?

• The offspring receive less genetic material.

• The offspring take more time to grow and develop.

• The offspring resemble the parent, which makes it difficult to distinguish them from each other.

• The offspring are genetically identical to each other, which reduces their ability to adapt to any changes in the environment.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS3-2

Which statement correctly describes a difference between asexual and sexual reproduction?

• Asexually reproducing organisms do not have DNA, while sexually reproducing organisms have DNA.

• Asexually reproduced offspring have less variety in their genetic information than sexually reproduced offspring.

• Asexually reproduced offspring have the same amount of genetic information as the parent, while sexually reproduced offspring have half as much genetic information as a parent.

• Asexual reproduction in organisms takes longer than sexual reproduction due to the time required to find a mate.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS3-2

A student lists some characteristics of asexual reproduction in plants. Which characteristics did the student list correctly?

• 1 and 2

• 1 and 4

• 2 and 3

• 2 and 4

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS3-2

Use the model to answer the question.

Examine the model.Which process is shown in the model?

• meiosis

• metabolism

• mitosis

• mutation

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-4