Periodic Table Trends Dec 2019

The Periodic Table of the Elements is useful for revealing patterns and trends in the elements. Which statement accurately describes a pattern in the size of atomic radii in the Periodic Table of the Elements?

• Atomic radii decrease from left to right across a period and decrease from top to bottom in a group.
• Atomic radii increase from left to right across a period and increase from top to bottom in a group.
• Atomic radii decrease from left to right across a period and increase from top to bottom in a group.
• Atomic radii increase from left to right across a period and decrease from top to bottom in a group.

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The ionization potential of an element is the amount of energy required to remove an electron from an isolated atom or molecule. According to the periodic table, which of the following indicates the correct decreasing order of ionization energy?

• Li > Na > K > Cs
• Na > K > Li > Cs
• Li > K > Na > Cs 
• Cs > K > Na > Li 

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Which of the following reasons explains why there is a decimal for most atomic masses?

• The mass of one atom can have a fraction.

• Since electrons are very small mass they only add a little bit, usually only a decimals worth.

• It is the average mass of all the potential isotopes of an atom.

• Neutrons have a mass of 1.1 meaning that fractions are common.

Which of these elements has the greatest atomic radius? 

• H
• N
• Cl
• Cs

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Sodium (Na) and potassium (K) are in the same group on the periodic table. Based on their locations, which statement about sodium and potassium is true?

• Sodium is less electronegative than potassium. 
• Sodium has fewer energy levels than potassium. 
• Sodium has a larger ionic radius than potassium. 
• Sodium has lower ionization energy than potassium. 

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Fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and iodine all have the same number of valence electrons and have a tendency to gain electrons. Which element has the greatest ionization energy and electronegativity?

• fluorine
• chlorine 
• bromine 
• iodine 

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All elements found on the left side of the Periodic Table of the Elements have what properties in common?

• They conduct heat and electricity 
• They are all gases 
• They are brittle and dull
• They are radioactive

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Based on their locations in the periodic table, which element has chemical properties most similar to those of calcium, Ca?

• beryllium, Be
• potassium, K
• titanium, Ti
• yttrium, Y

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The number of valence electrons in an element affects the reactivity of that element. Which element listed has the fewest valence electrons?

• beryllium (Be)
• sodium (Na) 
• oxygen (O) 
• neon (Ne)

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Electronegativity is...

• how good an atom is at attracting electrons
• the ability of an atom to lose electrons
• the energy required to remove an electron from a specific atom
• how easy it is to make friends. 

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