Enlightenment Thinkers

Which of these was greatly influenced by the Enlightenment?

• the Magna Carta
• the American Revolution
• the Scientific Revolution
• the divine right of kings

If Baron de Montesquieu were to visit the United States today, he might be most pleased to see the

• our Declaration of Independence

• our Bill of Rights

• a government-run tax system

• the legislative, executive, and judiciary branches of our government

Why did Thomas Hobbes believe that people needed to be governed by a ruler with absolute power?

• because the ruler will share the power with the people
• because people couldn't be trusted to govern themselves
• because legislators could not make good laws
• because monarchs could not enforce laws themselves

The following ideas come from the Declaration of Independence and the U.S. Constitution’s Bill of Rights. Which most closely relates to the work of John Locke?

• innocent until proven guilty
• speedy and public trial
• life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness
• freedom of speech and press

Which enlightenment thinker believed that a government is needed to keep order?

• Voltaire
• Hobbes
• Rousseau
• Beccaria

Who believed in a social contract between the people and the government in which people gave up some freedom in order to have their rights protected?

• Voltaire
• Montesquieu
• Rousseau
• Hobbes

Who believed the government should protect a person's three natural rights: life, liberty, and property?

• Rousseau
• Beccaria
• Wollstonecraft
• Locke

Who believed in a separation of powers as a way to provide checks and balances?

• Montesquieu
• Rousseau
• Hobbes
• Voltaire

A "Social Contract" is an agreement between a ruler and who?

• Monarchy

• Dictator

• Citizens

• Aliens

John Locke believed these people had these type of rights?

• No Rights

• Freedom Rights

• Natural Rights

• Unnatural Rights