Bio Test 5

ATP is produced in all stages of cellular respiration. Which two statements describe the process the process of ATP synthesis in the electron transport chain?

• The ATP synthase spins when the hydrogen ions rush past, acting as a "match-maker" and grabbing another phosphate group to attach to an ADP molecule.

• The high concentration of NAD+ acts as a catalyst to speed up the formation of ATP from ADP.

• The high concentration of hydrogen ions in the intermembrane space allows them to diffuse across the membrane, through an enzyme, and into the matrix.

• The FADH2 synthase spins as the high-energy electrons rush past, synthesizing ATP from ADP.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-7

The Krebs cycle consists of many small steps, each catalyzed by an enzyme. What is another name for the Krebs Cycle?

• the pyruvic acid cycle

• the carbon dioxide cycle

• the citric acid cycle

• the Calvin Cycle

Natasha is making a model of cellular respiration. Her model shows the pathway followed when there is enough oxygen available. What does Natasha's model show?

• an aerobic pathway consisting of glycolysis and fermentation

• an anaerobic pathway consisting of glycolysis and fermentation

• an aerobic pathway consisting of glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain.

• an anaerobic pathway consisting of glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-7

Savannah is asked to explain the locations of the stages of cellular respiration. What location should she give fo the site of the Krebs cycle reactions?

• the cell membrane, which surrounds the the cell

• the nucleus, the inter-most part of the cell

• the matrix of the mitochondria

• the cytoplasm of the cell

Glycolysis is the first stage of cellular respiration and is an anaerobic process. During glycolysis, glucose is converted to two molecules of pyruvic acid. How is glycolysis kept functioning during cellular respiration?

• Two high energy electrons are passed to the carrier NADH, which transports electrons back to glycolysis.

• Two molecules of ATP from the cell are invested at the beginning of the process of glycolysis.

• Pyruvic acid from glycolysis reacts to form acetyl-CoA which then combines with a four-carbon in the Krebs cycle and re-enters glycolysis.

• hydrogen ions pass back across the mitochondrial membrane through chemiosmosis and re-enter glycolysis.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-7

NGSS.HS-LS2-3

The molecules in the food we eat contain chemical energy stored in chemical bonds. Which statement BEST explains how this energy is released?

• Cells burn foo molecules, releasing energy as heat that powers movement while keeping the body at the correct temperature.

• Chemical energy is released as eaten food is digested, giving off heat as a by-product.

• Cells extract and capture the energy in food molecules all at once, then store it for later use.

• Chemical bonds in food molecules are broken, releasing energy and allowing cells to use the energy to make ATP.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-7

NGSS.HS-LS2-5

The overall reactions for photosynthesis and cellular respiration are opposite of each other. Select two statements that describe the two processes.

• Photosynthesis uses carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and produces oxygen

• Cellular respiration uses carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and produces oxygen

• Photosynthesis uses oxygen to releases energy from food and produces carbon dioxide as a by-product

• Cellular respiration uses oxygen to release energy from food and produces carbon dioxide as a by-product

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-7

NGSS.HS-LS2-5

Morgan has diabetes and must carefully monitor is food intake. He is learning the calorie count of the different macromolecules- carbohydrates, proteins, and fats- so that he can make choices to keep his blood sugar in the proper range. He notices that the word calorie is sometimes spelled with a capital C. Which statements accurately describe calories and Calories? Select all of the answers that apply.

• A kilocalorie is equal to 1000 Calories

• A Calorie is equal to 1000 calories

• A calorie is equal to 1000 Calories

• A Calorie is equal to a kilocalorie

JOse and Rema are making sourdough bread. They have been feeding the starter dough for a week now, and it has undergone lactic acid fermentation. They mix the dough and add a portion of the starter, which will give the bread its famous texture and sour flavor.

What process will occur next to make the dough rise?

• Alcoholic fermentation takes place and ethyl alcohol and CO2 gas are formed, creating pockets in the dough.

• Alcoholic fermentation takes place, and the yeast gives off oxygen, creating pockets in the dough.

• Alcoholic fermentation takes place, and during the Krebs cycle, CO2 is produced, creating pockets in the dough.

• Alcoholic fermentation takes place, and the H2O byproduct of the electron transport chain vaporizes to create pockets in the dough.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS2-3

If glycolysis produces four ATP during the enzyme reactions, why only two ATP result in the end

• because ATP is unstable and half will decay into ADP

• because two of the ATP will react with NADPH to start the calvin cycle

• because two of the four ATP are used to repay the "ATP debt" required to start the process over.

• Because two ATP are required to produce lactic acid