Finals Review

The coded information for how proteins should be made or assembled is stored in __________________.

• Hydrogen Bonds

• Phosphate groups

• The sequence of nitrogen bases

• The sequence of deoxyribose sugars

Which statement correctly explains how information is

organized inside the DNA molecule?

• Proteins are assembled based on the sugar-phosphate backbone of the DNA.

• The way the DNA folds determine what proteins are made.

• The instructions on how to make proteins are located in a segment of DNA called genes.

• Each nucleotides contain the full instructions to create proteins.

Select the three reasons why cells have to go through mitosis. SELECT THREE

• It helps produces ATP energy.

• It helps create new cells for tissue layers.

• It provides new cells for growth and development

• It builds protein that is critical for body function.

• It replaces old and damaged cells with the identical new ones.

Based on this diagram, multicellular organism help perform which function?

• grow in total mass and height.

• replaces dead and damaged cells.

• develop into a mature organism

• produces genetically identical offspring

Jon is a 8 month old baby, in the next year, he will grow, add more muscles, and bone cells. Which division is responsible for this type of growth?

• Mitosis

• Meiosis

All cells have identical DNA. Which of the statement is true.

• They are formed from the same tissue layer within a mother's body.

• They are produced from stem cells.

• They are produced from a single cell that divided to produce more cells.

• They are formed during meiosis that results in genetically identical cells.

Which statements are true regarding the relationship between DNA, genes, proteins, and genetic traits? Select three.

• Proteins are built by using energy that the DNA molecule provides.

• Genes provide instructions that determine how proteins are formed.

• DNA molecules contain specific segments of information that are called

  genes.

• Genetic traits are determined by specific protein sequences on the DNA molecule.

• Cells contain genetic information in the form of DNA that determines which traits are expressed in individuals.

What is a gene?

• The total number of chromosomes in an organism.

• A particular segment of DNA that is found in the chromosome.

• The rounded protein where DNA coils itself around.

• A single base pair of Adenine (A) and Thymine (T)

Which statement best explains why muscle and liver cells possess the same DNA but perform different functions and have different appearances?

• Different cells express different genes in the DNA.

• The cells are making different proteins by using the same genes.

• There is a mutation in each of the cell.

• Specific segments of the cell's DNA have been removed for each cell type.

Analyze the image above and select the statement that best describes what occurs.

• During Mitosis, homologous chromosomes go through one round of cell division to create identical cells with half the number of chromosomes as the parent.

• During meiosis, four new gametes are produced, each one will be different from the parent cell they came from because they replicate their DNA after they have divided.

• During crossing over, pairs of sister chromatids exchange genetic information before being separated by two rounds of cell division, leading to genetically diverse gametes.

• During crossing over, pairs of homologous chromosomes exchange genetic information before being separated by two rounds of cell division, leading to genetically diverse gametes.