midterm review

What was the most significant economic impact of the transcontinental railroads during the late 1800s?

• Expanding trade throughout the nation

• Decreasing the influence of big business

• Rapid rebuilding of the South after the Civil War

• Eliminating overseas trade with Europe

In the late 1800s, industrialists such as John D. Rockefeller and Andrew Carnegie reduced competition by

• Keeping prices high

• Forming alliances with labor unions

• Using enslaved labor as factory workers

• Forcing other companies out of business using monopolies

Which expression most accurately illustrates the concept of nativism?

• “America - first in war and peace”

• “Go West, young man”

• “Help Wanted - Irish Need Not Apply”

• “The only thing we have to fear is fear itself”

One effect of industrialization in the United States was

• A decrease in child labor

• An increase in demand for handicraft goods

• A decrease in immigration to the United States

• An increase in urbanization

What was the main reason for urbanization (growth of cities) during the late 1800s?

• The government provided rent-free housing for factory workers

• People wanted to live near theaters and museums

• No more farmland was available

• The expansion of industry provided many economic opportunities in factories

Which innovation extended the number of hours in a day that Americans could work?

• Telegraph technology

• Refrigeration

• Bessemer Process

• Electricity

At the turn of the century, why did most immigrants to the United States settle in cities?

• Jobs were available in the factories

• Government relief programs required immigrants to settle in cities

• Labor union leaders encouraged unrestricted immigration

• Immigrants were not permitted to buy farmland

In 1892, the United States government opened Ellis Island primarily to

• Serve as the first federal prison in New York State

• Check the safety of imported products

• Defend New York City from attack

• Process immigrants arriving from overseas

The term “Industrial Revolution” refers mainly to the

• Disagreements between union and factory owners

• Violent takeover of factories by the workers

• Method of producing goods by machines in factories

• System of manufacturing in the home

In the late 1800s, workers tolerated poor wages because they

• Thought that the government would protect them

• Believed it had to get worse before it got better

• Could be replaced easily by other workers

• Were tricked by employers into taking dangerous jobs