Cellular Energy

During photosynthesis, plants convert sunlight into what substance that is used to make energy during cellular respiration?

• oxygen

• carbon dioxide

• iron sulfide

• glucose

What do cells need to move materials against the concentration gradient?

• energy

• water molecules

• isotonic solution

• channel proteins

Which best explains the role of chlorophyll in photosynthesis?

• acts as an enzyme

• controls the diffusion of oxygen into the cell

• absorbs energy from the Sun

• controls the diffusion of carbon dioxide into the cell

Which statement best compares aerobic and anaerobic respiration?

• Less ATP is generated during anaerobic respiration than during aerobic respiration.

• More water is generated during anaerobic respiration than during aerobic respiration.

• More oxygen is generated during anaerobic respiration than during aerobic respiration

• Less lactic acid is generated during anaerobic respiration than during aerobic respiration.

A cell is capable of carrying out both photosynthesis and respiration. How would it best be described?

• prokaryotic

• mitotic

• plant

• animal

In the human body, cellular respiration breaks down sugar molecules after they enter the cell. What results from this process?

• growth of bacteria

• release of energy

• activity of enzymes

• production of oxygen

Which process listed below produces the most ATP molecules?

• lactic acid fermentation

• alcoholic fermentation

• protein synthesis

• aerobic respiration

If a cell moves a molecule through a membrane from an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration, what type of transport must be utilized?

• active

• passive

• diffusion

• osmosis

How do photosynthesis and cellular respiration differ?

• Photosynthesis uses food and cellular respiration produces food.

• Photosynthesis gives off oxygen and cellular respiration uses oxygen.

• Photosynthesis uses oxygen and cellular respiration uses carbon dioxide.

• Photosynthesis breaks down carbohydrates and cellular respiration produces carbohydrates.

Which is responsible for muscle pain felt after repeatedly lifting weights?

• a buildup of ethanol due to aerobic respiration

• a buildup of ethanol due to anaerobic respiration

• a buildup of lactic acid due to aerobic respiration

• a buildup of lactic acid due to anaerobic respiration

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NGSS.HS-LS2-3