Groundwater and Aquifer

Which of the following IS NOT true about groundwater?

• Groundwater is the largest freshwater source on Earth.

• Groundwater is freshwater beneath Earth’s surface.

• Groundwater is the largest liquid freshwater source for humans.

• Groundwater can maintain streamflow during times of drought.

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NGSS.MS-ESS3-1

The top of an aquifer is known as:

• the water table.

• an artesian well.

• the hydraulic gradient.

• a geyser.

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-1

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What does the quantity of groundwater that can be stored depend upon?

• It depends upon the porosity of the underground rock.

• It depends upon the pH of the groundwater.

• It depends upon the underground depth of the storage system.

• It depends upon the temperature of the underground rock.

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-4

NGSS.MS-ESS3-1

A place where the water table intersects the ground surface and where a natural flow of groundwater results is called:

• a spring.

• a geyser.

• an aquatard.

• a fissure.

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-4

NGSS.MS-ESS3-1

What is the best definition of a water table?

• The level to which a river rises when it floods

• The boundary between the land and the ocean

• The top of the saturated zone in an aquifer

• The bottom of the saturated zone in an aquifer

• The top of the unsaturated zone in an aquifer

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-1

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What would cause the water table to lower?

• High rates of evaporation and transpiration

• Low rates of evaporation and transpiration

• Increasing amounts of runoff

• A heavy rainstorm with a lot of precipitation

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-4

NGSS.MS-ESS3-1

What is infiltration?

• The process by which water sinks into the ground

• The zone where there are still air spaces left between the particles.

• The process by which water vapor turns into liquid water and forms fog or clouds.

• The process by which water does not sink into the ground, but rather travels along the surface.

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-1

NGSS.MS-ESS2-4

An underground layer of permeable rock that holds groundwater which can be extracted by drilling a well.

• water table
• aquifer
• watershed
• river

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NGSS.MS-ESS3-1

The area of an aquifer in which rock pores are completely filled with water.

• water table
• watershed
• zone of saturation
• surface water

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NGSS.MS-ESS3-1

How can surface pollutants contaminate groundwater?

• runoff with water and penetrate soil
• seep into ground and rock
• spread in aquifer to contaminate large areas
• all answers are correct

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NGSS.MS-ESS3-3

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