24.1 The Growth of Industrial Prosperity

Why was steel used in place of iron in the Second Industrial Revolution?

• Steel could be made cheaply and efficiently.

• Iron was lighter and could be used to make smaller machines.

• Steel made better-looking machines and railways.

• Iron could be used only in the textile industry.

Electricity was especially valuable because it was a power source and because it

• didn't cost anything to create.

• did not use wires or rails.

• made other inventions possible.

• worked better than chemicals to run machinery

Petroleum became important because

• coal created it.

• internal-combustion engines ran on it.

• it was a by-product of electricity.

• it created incandescent light

How did assembly lines affect sales?

• Sales decreased because they were harder to make..

• Sales decreased because fewer goods were produced on assembly lines.

• Sales stayed the same because goods were produced faster but the raw materials cost more.

• Sales increased because goods were produced faster on assembly lines and thus were cheaper.

Production in large amounts, usually by machinery, is known as

• a world economy.

• increased sales.

• mass production.

• consumer goods.

Why did the countries to the south and east in Europe have a lower standard of living than those to the north and west?

• The countries to the south and east remained agricultural.

• The countries to the north and west chose to invest money in their agricultural industries.

• The southern and eastern countries had fewer people.

• The northern and western countries had more intelligent populations.

Which country/area was the most successful in the world economy at the beginning of the twentieth century?

• the United States

• Latin America

• Europe

• Austria-Hungary

What did moderate reformers use to achieve their goals?

• socialist organizations

• trade unions

• riots

• capitalists

Moderate reformers tried to improve working conditions by

• abolishing capitalism.

• attacking parliament.

• creating a socialist society.

• passing laws.

Socialist parties appealed to many workers in Germany because they

• used violence against factory owners.

• attacked the bourgeoisie.

• supported workplace reforms.

• did not believe in revolution