ACT science

Suppose a new crop rotation for Field B included legumes and other deep-rooted and high-residue crops. The SOM of this field will most likely change in which of the following ways? The SOM will:

• decrease, because soil quality is likely to increase.

• decrease, because soil quality is likely to decrease.

• increase, because soil quality is likely to increase.

• increase, because soil quality is likely to decrease.

As soil quality improves, the number of earthworms increases. Students hypothesized that more earthworms would be found in Field B. Are the data presented in

Table 2 consistent with this hypothesis?

• Yes; based on SOM, Field B had a soil quality rating of fair and Field A had a soil quality rating of poor.

• Yes; based on SOM, Field B had a soil quality rating of excellent and Field A had a soil quality rating of fair.

• No; based on SOM, Field B had a soil quality rating of poor and Field A had a soil quality rating of fair.

• No; based on SOM, Field B had a soil quality rating of fair and Field A had a soil quality rating of excellent.

If 8 tons or fewer in crop yields were considered a failed harvest, in which year and in which field would there have been a failed harvest?

• Field A in Year 1

• Field A in Year 3

• Field B in Year 4

• Field B in Year 5

Q: Which set of data best supports the claim that Field A has lower soil quality than Field B?

• Figure 1

• Figure 2

• Table 1

• Table 2

Based on Figures 1 and 2, consider the average bulk density and the average crop yields for Fields A and B over the study period. Which site had the lower average crop yield, and which site had the higher average bulk density?

Lower crop yield Higher bulk density

• Field A Field A

• Field B Field B

• Field A Field B

• Field B Field A

In the experiments shown in

Table 1 and Figure 1, by measuring the rate at which Fe₂O₃ was formed every day, the experimenters could also measure the rate at which:

• H₂O was produced.

• H₂ was produced.

• Fe was produced.

• FeO was produced.

Table 1, if the amount of Fe₂O₃ produced on Day 9 had been measured for the salt solution, it would most likely have been:

• less than 0.56 g

• between 0.59 g and 0.72 g.

• between 1.23 g and 1.84 g.

• greater than 1.84 g.

According to Table 1, what was the amount of Fe₂O₃ produced by the sugar solution from the time the amount was measured on Day 6 until the time the amount was measured on Day 8?

• 0.08 g

• 0.11 g

• 0.19 g

• 0.30 g

Consider the amount of Fe₂O₃ produced by the salt solution on Day 2. Based on Table 1 and Figure 1, the water buffered to pH = 10.0 produced approximately the same amount of Fe₂O₃ on which of the following days?

• Day 10

• Day 6

• Day 3

• Day 1