Expansion and Reform

It allowed cotton lint to be produced quickly and efficiently.-It made the United States the leading producer of cotton.-It increased the demand for slaves to plant and pick the cotton.-Because of it, plantations grew, often resulting in poor living and working condition.

Which invention from the late 1700s is being described? 8.34

• Jaquard Loom

• Cotton Gin

• Cotton Mill

• Iron Plow

(8.34) The cotton gin, new farmlands in the west, and the demand for cotton in northern and European textile factories led to

• An increase in the demand for slaves in the years leading to the Civil War

• The development of an industrialized society in the South

• The Missouri Compromise and The Kansas-Nebraska Act

• A decrease in the demand for slaves in the years leading to the Civil war

(8.35) Which terms BEST describe the Southern states in the years before the Civil War?

• Rural and agricultural

• Urban and industrial

• Urban and agricultural

• Rural and industrial

(8.35) In judging of the welfare of the slaves, it is necessary to distinguish the different conditions of slavery. The most important distinction, both as regards numbers and its influence on the well­being of the slave, is that between house­servants and farm or field­hands. The house­servant is comparatively well off. He is frequently born and bred in the family he belongs to. The position of the field­hands is very different; of those, especially, who labour on large plantations. Here there are none of those humanizing influences at work which temper the rigour of the system, nor is there the same check of public opinion to control abuse. The 'force' is worked as a great human mechanism; as a drove of human cattle.

What is the MAIN idea of the author's description of life on a southern plantation?

• House servants were able to vote in some southern states

• It was better to be a fieldhand than a houseservant

• It was better to be a houseservant than a fieldhand

• All overseers punished slaves harshly when they were uncooperative

(8.36) Which of these was a DIRECT result of the failed slave revolt of Nat Turner in 1831?

• Congress passed a law that would phase out the importation of African slaves in the coming decade

• Southern legislatures reexamined the moral foundation of keeping millions of blacks as slaves.

• Laws greatly restricting the legal rights of free blacks and slaves were passed throughout the South.

• President Buchanan was elected for a second term, putting off the slavery conflict for another decade.

(8.36) In the Antebellum period, what was the most common way in which a slave would rebel against his or her owner?

• by organizing an armed uprising

• by obeying all the masters requests

• by breaking tools and working slowly

• by participating in anti-Christian services

(8.37)Which transportation breakthrough had the GREATEST impact on American industrialization between 1800 and 1850?

• construction of factories and mills

• construction of the trans-continental railroad

• construction of canals and the development of the steamboat

• construction of the highway system and the development of the automobile

(8.37)Which of these BEST describes the impact of Massachusetts' "Lowell Mills" in the early-to-mid-1800s?

• Women made up a vast majority of their workforce.

• They were willing to employ runaway southern slaves.

• Women workers were paid the same as their male counterparts.

• They originated the process of using steam power in factories.

(8.37)Which region of the United States was the center of the nation's industrial and financial resources in the early 1800's?

• West

• North

• South

• Mid-west

(8.38)Why was the North able to develop a huge industrial base while the South remained agricultural?

• The North decided to build industry for jobs while the South used slave labor for industrial jobs.

• The North was not able to grow sustaining agricultural crops, as in the South, so they built up industries.

• The North used capital gained from shipping to develop industry while the South used capital to invest in slaves.

• The South attracted immigrants to work on the farms while the North continued to rely shipping and fishing for capital.