Chapter 5 Lesson 3

Defeated the Greeks at Thermopylae

• Zoroaster

• Cyrus

• Darius 1

• Xerxes

• Leonidas

religious teacher who preached a new monotheistic religion

• Zoroaster

• Cyrus

• Darius 1

• Xerxes

• Leonidas

reorganized the government and divided the Persian Empire in satrapies

• Zoroaster

• Cyrus

• Darius 1

• Xerxes

• Leonidas

King from Sparta who led soldiers into battle at Thermopylae.

• Zoroaster

• Cyrus

• Darius 1

• Xerxes

• Leonidas

expanded the Persian Empire with his strong army

• Zoroaster

• Cyrus

• Darius 1

• Xerxes

• Leonidas

Persian King Darius 1

• did away with separate governors in each province

• sent Zoroastrians into exile

• established a citizen army to serve during times of war

• reorganized the Persian government to make it more efficient

Cyrus the Great held his growing empire together by

• establishing harsh military rule

• limiting travel between provinces

• treated conquered people fairly

• building strong fortresses in each conquered land

Under King Cyrus, in the 540s BCE, the Persian Empire conquered the lands of Anatolia, Syria, Judah, and

• Athens

• Sparta

• Crete

• Mesopotamia

Which factors led to the decline of the Persian Empire?

• the army was weakened after losses to Greece, and rulers disagreed about who should have power.

• The people began to rebel against the Persian kings, causing a long series of civil wars

• A series of natural disasters devastated the Persian homeland

• The king's sons plotted to take over the throne, causing a civil war.

Which form of government did Sparta have?

• Democracy

• Republican

• Oligarchy

• Dictatorship