biomedical research unit 1

Julio is a researcher and has been assigned to collect statistical data on the Zika virus. What level of research is he working on if his findings will be used to develop a vaccine or new treatment

• basic

• clinical

• Phase I

• applied

Which group is often given a placebo or inactive substance when a new medication is tested in biomedical research?

• control

• experimental

• descriptive

• homogeneous

Which type of study is the human equivalent of animal testing and is administered by providing or withholding a substance to determine its toxic or beneficial effects?

• observational epidemiology

• experimental epidemiology

• distribution epidemiology

• descriptive epidemiology

Scientists are currently conducting studies in vitro. Where are these studies most likely taking place?

• in a living organism

• in an animal cage

• in a petri dish or test tube

• in a computer database

Which study, performed earlier this century, established that the fourteenth-century Black Plague was spread from rats to humans via fleas?

• descriptive

• experimental

• observational

• epidemiological

The use of mice in biomedical research most frequently occurs at which level?

• basic

• clinical

• phase I

• applied

Which type of research is directed towards specific objectives and is conducted using animals and other nonanimal models such as computers and tissue cultures?

• applied research

• clinical research

• basic research

• descriptive research

A major disadvantage of epidemiological studies is that:

• they identify patterns in diseases that may be traced to causative factors.

• considerable human exposure can take place before a toxic effect is detectable.

• ethical considerations may limit their usefulness

• it is difficult to generate sufficiently reliable data.

During biomedical research using animals, a control group was given a placebo. This group will most likely have what type of response?

• a negative response

• a side effect

• a positive response

• no response

Descriptive epidemiological studies identify

• direct cause and effect

• correlations

• selection bias

• incidence numbers and distribution spread