DNA Mutations Quiz

A Male and a female have a child that has 3 copies of chromosome 18. Although both parents are unaffected, their doctor clams that the disorder associated with having an extra chromosome 18 is the result of a chromosomal mutation in the cells that carry inherited material. Which argument supports this claim?

• A mutation occurred when crossing over caused chromosome 18 to be replicated twice during meiosis, allowing one parent to donate two copies of chromosome 18 to the child.

• A nondisjunnction mutation was caused by the improper separation of the genetic material during meiosis, allowing the gamete of one parent to donate 2 copies of chromosome 18 to the child.

• A substitution mutation during replication allowed the genetic material of chromosome 18 to replace the genetic material of a nearby chromosome, causing the child to have three copies of chromosome 18.

• An insertion mutation during replication allowed the genetic material of chromosome 18 to be inserted into the genetic material of another chromosome, causing 3 copies of chromosome 18 to be made.

Changes in DNA sequences that affect genetic information are known as

• Replications

• Mutations

• Transformations

• Translations

A substance that can cause a change in the DNA code of an organism, and is usually an external factor.

• Toxin

• Mutagen

• Nitrogenous base

• Nucleotide

An insertion mutation on the DNA sequence CAGTAT could look like?

• CAGAT

• CTGAAT

• CAGATAT

• CAGCAG

The type of mutation that is caused by insertion or deletion that changes the DNA reading sequence is called?

• Point Mutation

• Frameshift Mutation

• Silent Mutation

• Nonsense Mutation

When a mutation causes an early STOP amino acid to be produced it is called?

• Silent Mutation

• Missense Mutation

• Frameshift Mutation

• Nonsense Mutation

When a mutation changes the DNA sequence but the amino acid sequence does NOT change it is called?

• Silent Mutation

• Missense Mutation

• Frameshift Mutation

• Nonsense Mutation

If the following amino acid sequence Met-Cys-Pro is changed to Met-Leu-Pro it is considered to be what type of mutation?

• Silent Mutation

• Missense Mutation

• Frameshift Mutation

• Nonsense Mutation

True or False: Mutations are always negative

• True

• False

A substitution mutation for this DNA sequence ATGCAG could look like

• ATCGAC

• ATCAC

• ATGCAGC

• AAGCAG