Chapter 1: AP Psychology

What is the tendency to believe, after learning an outcome, that one would have foreseen it; also known as the "I-knew-it-all-along" phenomenon.

• Hypothesis

• Median

• Experiment

• Hindsight Bias

What is rationally deciding what to believe or what to do? 

• Naturalistic Observation
• Critical Thinking 
• Illusory Correlation 
• Control Group 

What is a testable prediction, often implied by a theory?

• Operational Definition 
• Random Assignment 
• Hypothesis 
• Culture 

You psychology professor wants to describe the average score on your first psychology test.  Which measure of central tendency is your professor most likely to use? 

• mean
• median
• mode 
• harmonic mean

Which measure of central tendency is obtained by adding all the scores and dividing that total by the number of scores?

• mode
• median
• mean
• range

The standard deviation

• indicates the average difference between each score in a group and the mean for that group of scores
• reveals the degree of skew for a a group of scores 
• is sensitive to scores at the extremes of a distribution of scores
• is used to determine whether a data set is positively or negatively skewed

In a strongly skewed distribution, the best indicator of central tendency is usually the

• mean
• median
• mode
• standard deviation

The marketing agent for a professional sports franchise conducts a survey asking people how much they support the construction of a new sports stadium. Almost everyone who takes part in the survey indicates they are strongly in favor of a new stadium; there are just a few respondents who think a new stadium would be a bad idea.  When the results from the survey are plotted in a histogram, the distribution will be 

• positively skewed
• symmetrical
• impossible to predict without more information
• negatively skewed

Which of the following is most important when conducting survey research?

• Choosing a representative sample
• Choosing a large sample
• Choosing a biased sample
• Choosing a sample whoes answers will likely support your hypothesis

In a normal distribution, what percentage of the scores in the distribution falls within on standard deviation on either side of the mean?

• 34 %
• 40 %
• 50 %
• 68 %