Cognitive Psychology

On a fishing trip, Ed realizes that he has mistakenly packed the sewing box instead of the tackle box. He wants to fish but returns home because he does not have any lines or hooks. Ed’s failure to realize that sewing thread can be used as fishing line and that a bent needle can be used as a hook is an example of

• Cognitive accommodation
• Backward masking
• Functional fixedness
• Proactive interference

A teacher asks students to think of as many uses for a brick as possible. By listing 50 uses, most of which the class finds new and unusual, Susan is displaying

• Computational learning
• Paired-associate learning
• Hypothetical thinking
• Divergent thinking

Which of the following types of tests is designed to measure an individual’s knowledge of a subject?

• Achievement
• Attitude
• Aptitude
• Projective

A word or part of a word that is in itself meaningful, but that cannot be broken into smaller meaningful units, is called

• Grapheme
• Morpheme
• Phoneme
• Holophrase

The rules of grammar are rules of

• Phonemes
• Morphemes
• Syntax
• Semantics

Processing every possible combination of the letters DBRI to arrive at the word BIRD is an example of the use of

• An algorithm
• An inference rule
• A hypothesis
• A heuristic

Metacognition refers to

• Amnesia
• Mental retardation
• Artificial intelligence
• Thinking about thinking

Noam Chomsky’s view of language proposed that

• There is an inherent language acquisition device
• Thinking is merely subvocal language
• Different levels of language ability are hereditarily determined
• Language acquisition can be explained by social modeling

Language is defined as:

• the ability to speak using the vocalizations of meaning through sound
• communication combining sounds and symbols according to specific rules
• communication using letters to represent sounds according to specific rules
• the ability to communicate through symbols representative of meaning

Morphemes

• the smallest units of sound that carry meaning
• the smallest units of sound that make up language
• the system of rules for putting words in order
• the system of using words to create meaning