Outliers Chapter 6-EP.

Chapter 6- How do the direct address and the hypothetical scenario Gladwell offers affect the reader?

• The reader sees the Howard-Turner feud through a legal investigation.

• The reader sees that the residents of Harlan had become so hardened to the violence that the way people died was more important than the fact that they were dying.

• He clarifies that identifying patterns of long-lasting cultural behaviors is not the same as making harmful stereotypes

• Gladwell has explained how family background can ingrain certain attitudes and behaviors that can either hinder or aid success.

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How does procatalepsis bolster Gladwell’s rebuttal to objections to his argument in Chapter 6?

• Gladwell clarifies that identifying patterns of long-lasting cultural behaviors is not the same as making harmful stereotypes.

• This morbid humor stresses that residents of Harlan had become so hardened to the violence that the way people died was more important than the fact that they were dying.

• The detailing of the Harlan, Kentucky, feud by provides a broad view of the Appalachian region.

• Gladwell argues that culture and ancestry can influence attitudes and behaviors for many generations.

Why does Gladwell discuss the nuclear incident on Three Mile Island in Chapter 7? How does the fact that this passage is a footnote affect the main narrative?

• Gladwell uses the Three Mile Island incident, as footnote so that it does not take away from the narrative, to illustrate how accidents other than plane crashes are also a result of “minor errors and... malfunctions.”

• Kim Dae-jung’s remark that the Korean Air crashes are “a matter of the whole country” implicitly supports Gladwell’s assertion that Korea’s cultural legacy was a factor in the accidents.

• Gladwell first gets readers to disregard any preconceived notions they may have of plane crashes by negating the usual movie portrayals.

• Gladwell points out the absurdity of the pilots’ dialogue just before the fatal crash.

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Why does Gladwell quote Suren Ratwatte so extensively in Chapter 7?

• Ratwatte’s account emphasizes the importance of effective communication because, he had to talk to copilots, passengers, doctors, superiors, and air traffic control.

• Ratwatte is an expert on the topic of plane crashes.

• This more in-depth analysis provides insights for what the first officer meant when he commented on the weather, and why he did not more question the captain’s actions and judgment.

• Gladwell generates interest and gradually shows readers how Hofstede’s dimensions are relevant to plane crashes and cultural legacies.

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What does Gladwell achieve by addressing his readers directly in Chapter 8 and asking them to read a list of numbers aloud and try to memorize the sequence?

• Gladwell goes into detail when describing the rice paddies, he implies that this information is important and has cultural implications beyond agriculture.

• Gladwell offers a convincing argument that the logical Asian number system makes students likelier to enjoy math and work harder at it.

• Gladwell also refrains from declaring his theory but instead uses questions to plant the idea that rice farming affects mathematical ability.

• The direct address engages readers and causes them to think about articulating numbers in English and they may consider other advantages Asian number systems could have.

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How does the comparison of rice farming to garment work bolster Gladwell’s argument in Chapter 8?

• Gladwell states, “virtually every success story we’ve seen in this book so far involves someone or some group working harder than their peers.”

• Both are forms of meaningful work with a clear relationship between effort and reward.

• Both are generally worked by immigrants.

• Both are forms of second-class work that forces families to rise above and beyond their own status if they wish to accomplish more in life.

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In what ways is KIPP trying to disentangle itself from the cultural legacy of American schools in Chapter 9? What culture is it more similar to?

• Teachers have more time to cover materials, so the classroom is more relaxed, and students can ask questions and work at their own pace.

• KIPP had longer school days, Saturday classes, and shortened summer vacation, all of which violate the principles of the American public school system. KIPP is creating an internal culture of stronger work ethics.

• Gladwell focuses on the issue of long summer vacations and criticizes school systems as needing to change and provide more classroom time.

• Gladwell strongly supports KIPP schools for providing low-income students a chance for an education that teaches meaningful work and is more beneficial to the students.

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Gladwell tie the various components of Outliers together in Chapter 9 by saying that geniuses do not necessarily succeed, or Chris Langan would be as well known as Einstein is. He mentions the opportunities and lucky breaks hockey players born in January, Bill Gates, the Beatles, and Joe Flom received. He then states that just as Korean Air gave pilots a chance the step outside their cultural legacy, KIPP gives Marita, an average student, an opportunity to engage in meaningful work, as Asian rice farmers do.

• False

• True

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Why is Mr. Chance’s name fitting in the Epilogue?

• Mr. Chance’s lending Daisy Nation the money for her daughter Joyce’s school tuition gives Joyce the chance (i.e., opportunity) to acquire a quality education and, thus, increased opportunities in life.

• Daisy was a respected, responsible person. The phrase “except of course that she was Daisy Nation” implies that there was no doubt in Mr. Chance’s mind that he would lend her the money.

• Daisy Nation was a known quantity—Mr. Chance knew her to be responsible and had dealt with her professionally.

• It shows readers that they should be skeptical of such success stories.

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How does Gladwell use his mother’s story to support his point about success in the Epilogue?

• By detailing the factors that led to his mother’s (and indirectly his) success, Gladwell refutes his argument that success is overrated.

• By detailing the factors that led to his mother’s (and indirectly his) success, Gladwell illustrates his argument that success needs to be viewed in terms of your personal genuis

• By detailing the factors that led to his mother’s (and indirectly his) success, Gladwell illustrates his argument that success needs to be viewed in terms of individual effort.

• By detailing the factors that led to his mother’s (and indirectly his) success, Gladwell explains that success needs to be viewed in terms of opportunity and legacy.

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