BIO 19.2 Review: Patterns & Processes of Evolution

Cichlid fishes in lakes of the East African Rift. The lakes in this area are believed to support and sustain about 2,000 different species of these fish, each with different ecological and morphological characteristics such as body size. These lakes form a fragmented landscape that bio-geographically isolates the different species of cichlid fish from one another, allowing them, and many of the organisms they live with, to evolve separately.

• Phyletic Speciation

• Adaptive Radiation

• Convergent Evoltion

• Divergent Evoltuion

• Co-evolution

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• Phyletic Speciation

• Adaptive Radiation

• Convergent Evoltion

• Divergent Evoltuion

• Co-evolution

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• Phyletic Speciation

• Adaptive Radiation

• Convergent Evoltion

• Divergent Evoltuion

• Co-evolution

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The Rough-skinned newt produces a potent neurotoxin that concentrates in their skin. Garter snakes, have evolved resistance to this toxin through a series of genetic mutations, and prey upon the newts. The relationship between these animals has resulted in an evolutionary arms race that has driven toxin levels in the newt to extreme levels.

• Phyletic Speciation

• Adaptive Radiation

• Convergent Evoltion

• Divergent Evoltuion

• Co-evolution

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The Apple Maggot Fly infests the fruit of a native North American Hawthorn Apple tree. In the 1860s some maggot flies began to infest apples. Now there are two populations of the fly feeding on the two food sources. The populations rarely interbreed and are showing genetic differences and therefore are becoming two separate species.

• Phyletic Speciation

• Adaptive Radiation

• Convergent Evoltion

• Divergent Evoltuion

• Co-evolution

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The model that predicts evolution occurs in rapid bursts followed by long periods of no change is called...

• gradualism
• punctuated equilibrium
• adaptive radiation
• convergent evolution 

Which answer best describes macroevolution?

• Largest-scale evolutionary changes via speciation or extiniction that occur over time
• A scientist who classifies organisms into groups and makes a hypothesis on whether they are a different species based on the evidence
• Identification of species by differences in their appearances
• AP biological trait evolves in two unrelated species as a result of exposure to similar environments

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The death of every member of a species

• The flu
• epidemic
• extinct
• population

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The hypothesis that evolution of a species occurs gradually over time as a slow and constant process is known as

• speciation
• punctuated equilibrium
• gradualism
• microevolution

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The evolution of an ancestral species into an array of species that occupy different niches

• convergent evolution
• coevolution
• speciation
• adaptive radiation

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