The European Renaissance

The _____ allowed new ideas to flow more easily to distant places during the Renaissance.

• aerial screw

• optical telescope

• heliocentric model

• printing press

Which statement correctly explains why the European Renaissance began in the Italian city-states?

• Their location along the Mediterranean Sea made them major centers of trade.

• Their location just outside the city of Rome made them major centers of political power.

• Unlike other Europeans, the Italians never lost touch with classical ideas and works of art.

• Unlike other Europeans, the Italians developed new art styles during the medieval era.

How were the philosophies of individualism and secularism similar during the European Renaissance?

• Each philosophy was created to influence artists' techniques.

• Each philosophy encouraged people to be feared rather than loved.

• Each philosophy deemphasized the importance of religion.

• Each philosophy taught that all government systems are equally oppressive.

How did the philosophies of humanism and secularism interact during the European Renaissance?

• Humanists focused on the importance of every human life, while secularists were more interested in studying nonhuman animals.

• Humanists rediscovered the past by studying the ideas and art of ancient European civilizations, while secularists focused on nonreligious themes.

• Humanists developed modern science by demonstrating that Earth is not the center of the universe, while secularists developed modern art by discovering linear perspective.

• Humanists developed modern politics by urging rulers to be feared rather than loved, while secularists developed modern sculpture by discovering contrapposto.

Which artistic work did Niccolò Machiavelli contribute to the Renaissance?

• The painting The Last Supper

• The book The Prince

• The sculpture David

• The Florence Cathedral

In the 1300s, access to major trade routes brought great wealth and power to city-states in _____.

• Germany

• Greece

• Italy

• Poland

A city-state that benefited greatly from trade during the 14th century was _____.

• Athens

• Florence

• London

• Paris

What brought great wealth and power to Italian city-states in the 14th century?

• Conquests by feudal lords

• Discoveries by the Catholic Church

• Access to trade routes

• The invention of the printing press

Which statement correctly explains how the Medici family contributed to secularism during the Renaissance?

• The Medicis gave much of their wealth to the Catholic Church, which used the money to build cathedrals and create artwork praising God.

• The Medicis used their great wealth to support artists who created works that focused less on God and more on the achievements of individual people.

• The Medicis used their great wealth to support Galileo Galilei, an astronomer whose work contradicted church teachings about Earth's position in the solar system.

• The Medicis gave much of their wealth to Italian universities that funded archaeological digs at the ruins of non-Christian civilizations throughout Europe.

Which answer choice correctly explains how Galileo Galilei contributed to secularism during the Renaissance?

• Galileo used his telescope to find evidence that Earth is not the center of the universe. This discovery contradicted the teachings of the Catholic Church, suggesting that religion was not the only guide to truth.

• Galileo used his telescope to find evidence that the Sun is not the center of the universe. This discovery supported the teachings of the Catholic Church, demonstrating that religion was harmonious with science.

• Galileo used his telescope to demonstrate the accuracy of classical star maps. This demonstration convinced the Catholic Church to fund research into other aspects of non‑Christian cultures.

• Galileo used his telescope to demonstrate that classical star maps are inaccurate. This demonstration caused the Catholic Church to forbid future scholars from studying non‑Christian cultures.