Who had a monopoly on the trade routes leading to the Orient?

• the Dutch

• the Italian

• the French

• the English

What Italian journeyed four years to get to China?

• Bartolomeu Dias

• Marco Polo

• Francisco Pizarro

• Ferdinand Magellan

What people came to power in the Middle East in the 1400s and disrupted European trade?

• White Turks

• Ottoman Turks

• Byzantine Turks

• Golden Horde

Prince Henry the Navigator's principal goal was . . .

• the circumnavigation of Africa.

• the conversion of the Africans.

• a westward route to the Americas.

• to build a great ship.

The first man to round the southern tip of Africa was . . .

• Dias.

• da Gama.

• Cortés.

• Magellan.

Whose expedition around the Cape of Good Hope to India gave Portugal a lucrative spice trade with India?

• Columbus's

• da Gama's

• Magellan's

• Cortés's

Which two countries divided the world between themselves using the Line of Demarcation?

• Portugal and Italy

• England and France

• Portugal and Spain

• England and Germany

The caravel was superior to ships built before 1400 because it . . .

• used many oarsmen for power

• had triangular and square sails

• was small and easily maneuverable

• was shallow and could avoid hazardous rocks

What light, fast vessel was popular among the early explorers?

• longboat

• schooner

• caravel

• frigate

Which country claimed Brazil?

• Portugal

• France

• England

• Spain