Macromolecule Quiz

Proteins are composed of what smaller building blocks?

• amino acids

• nucleic acids

• fatty acids

• nucleotides

Answer explanation

Proteins are made up of amino acids, which are the fundamental building blocks. Nucleic acids, fatty acids, and nucleotides are different types of biomolecules and do not compose proteins.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-6

Based on the graph, what temperature does this enzyme work best? 

• 15 C

• 40 C

• 30 C

Answer explanation

The graph indicates that the enzyme's activity peaks at 30 C, making it the optimal temperature for its function. Other temperatures, like 15 C and 40 C, show lower enzyme activity.

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS1-5

Enzymes are

• nucleic acids

• proteins

• lipids

• carbohydrates

Answer explanation

Enzymes are biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions in the body. They are primarily made of proteins, which are composed of amino acids. Therefore, the correct answer is proteins.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-6

Enzymes are _________ that __________ chemical reactions.

• proteins, slow down

• proteins, speed up

• lipids, slow down

• lipids, speed up

Answer explanation

Enzymes are proteins that act as catalysts, meaning they speed up chemical reactions without being consumed in the process. Therefore, the correct choice is 'proteins, speed up'.

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS1-5

Which of the following conclusions can be drawn from this graph?

• The optimum pH of the enzyme is 6.6.
  

• The optimum pH of the enzyme is 5.8
  

• The enzyme’s activity increases as pH increases 5.0 to 9.0
  

• The enzyme’s activity is greater around pH of 8.0 .
  

Answer explanation

The graph indicates that the enzyme's activity peaks at a pH of 6.6, making it the optimum pH. Other options either misstate the optimum pH or do not accurately reflect the enzyme's activity across the pH range.

What happens when enzymes are heated to a high temperature?

• The enzymes die.

• The shapes of the enzyme are altered or denatured

• The enzymes' amino acid sequence changes.

• The enzymes remain the same

Answer explanation

When enzymes are heated to a high temperature, their shapes are altered or denatured, which affects their functionality. This is the correct answer, as the enzyme's amino acid sequence remains unchanged.

Which factors can change the shape of an enzyme and thus denatures a enzyme?

• Excessive heat and changes in pH

• Nothing can

• Exposure to light and sound

• Exposure to bacteria and amoebas

Answer explanation

Excessive heat and changes in pH can disrupt the hydrogen bonds and ionic interactions that maintain an enzyme's structure, leading to denaturation. This alters the enzyme's shape and function, making this choice correct.

Letter D...

• active site

• enzyme

• substrate

• products

Answer explanation

The correct answer is 'enzyme' because enzymes are biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions by lowering the activation energy, while the other options refer to different aspects of the reaction process.

The graph shows how the activity of an enzyme changes over a range of pH values. Which of the following conclusions can be drawn from this graph?

• pepsin works best at a pH near 2

• pepsin works best at a pH of 9

Answer explanation

The graph indicates that pepsin has optimal activity at a pH near 2, as this is where the enzyme's activity peaks. The other option, a pH of 9, does not align with the graph's data.

The function of the nucleic acid is --

• to store and transmit genetic information inherited from your parents

• to maintain our body temperature

• to build up muscles bones and other body parts

• to regulate sugar in your blood and give your cells energy

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-1

NGSS.HS-LS1-1