WtP Chapter 4 Part 1

_______ are areas of personal freedom with which governments are constrained from interfering.

• civil rights

• natural rights

• equal rights

• civil liberties

The Bill of Rights was adopted because

• Anti-federalists demanded it as the price of ratification of the Constitution.

• Federalists realized that no constitution would last for long without a bill of rights.

• People believed the federal government in the early days of the Republic was violating too many individual rights.

• The Supreme Court ruled that a bill of rights was needed

Alexander Hamilton opposed a bill of rights mainly because he believed that

• too many individual liberties diminished the trust between citizen and government.

• it was unnecessary given that the federal government was given only a small set of explicitly delegated powers.

• a bill of rights would make the Constitution too specific and cumbersome.

• a bill of rights would lead to many frivolous lawsuits.

While we are most familiar with the civil liberties that are found in the Bill of Rights, there are some liberties protected by the Constitution itself (not the amendments). All of the following are found in Article 1, Section 9 EXCEPT

• prohibition of ex post facto laws

• prohibition of bills of attainder

• prohibition of government “taking” private property “without just compensation”

• guarantee of habeas corpus

The _____ Amendment is the only one of the Bill of Rights that is specifically addressed to the national government.

• First

• Second

• Fourth

• Fifth

The constitutional basis for the nationalization of the Bill of Rights is the ________ Amendment.

• First

• Fourth

• Ninth

• Tenth

• Fourteenth

The Fourteenth Amendment

• forced state governments to abide by all of the provisions in the Bill of Rights immediately after its ratification in 1868.

• had no effect on state governments because it was designed to apply only to the federal government.

• forced state governments to abide by almost every provision in the Bill of Rights, but the process took more than 100 years.

• required states to abide by the First Amendment to the Constitution but not any of the other amendments to the Constitution.

The process by which the Supreme Court has expanded specific parts of the Bill of Rights to protect citizens against state actions is called

• Selective incorporation

• Selective adjudication

• The Incorporation Doctrine

• Due Process

Which of the following best describes the Supreme Court’s first ruling on the nationalization of the Bill of Rights in 1833?

• The takings clause restricts national and state governments but not local governments.

• The Bill of Rights should not be used if a state’s constitution already contains its own bill of rights.

• The takings clause does not cover accidents caused by government officials.

• The Bill of Rights limits the national government but not state governments.

Which of the following amendments have NOT been selectively incorporated to the states using the Fourteenth Amendment? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY.

• First Amendment

• Second Amendment

• Seventh Amendment

• Eighth Amendment

• Tenth Amendment