Ideal Gas

All of the following are properties of ideal gases except:

• Small amounts of energy are lost during collisions between gas molecules

• Volume occupied by molecules is negligible compared to the volume occupied by the gas

• Gas molecules do not interact with each other except during collisions

• Gas molecules do not interact with each other except during collisions

How many diagrams showing relationships between pressure, volume, and temperature below is/are incorrect for ideal gases?

• None

• Only one

• Only two

• Only Three

At a given temperature T and pressure P, a person's lung holds a set volume of V of air. Given that air is roughly 20% oxygen, how many moles of oxygen are in his lungs?

• 0.2*(PT/RV)

• 5*(PT/RV)

• 0.2*(PV/RT)

• 5*(PV/RT)

Gases found in the environment are most likely to exhibit properties similar to that of ideal gases under conditions of:

• low temperatures and high pressures

• high temperatures and high pressures

• high temperatures and low pressures

• low temperatures and low pressures

Assume an experiment vessel which is well fitted with a piston. The airtight piston has negligible mass and can move up and down freely. There is 1 mol of an ideal gas contained within the vessel under the piston at pressure of 100 kPa. The piston rests at 10 cm from the base of the vessel. The pressure in the vessel increases to 200 kPa as force is applied to the piston. What would be the new resting position of the piston from the base of the vessel? Assume the temperature is held constant at 300 K throughout the experiment.

• 5 cm

• 2 cm

• 1 cm

• 8 cm

Which properties reflected in real gases does the van der Waals equation attempt to account for by modifying the ideal gas law?

I. Volume

II. Pressure

III. Temperature

• II

• I and II

• I, II and III

• I

The behavior of which of these real gases will be reflected most closely with the ideal gas law?

• CO2

  ​

• Ar

• CH₄

  ​

• He

Assuming ideal gas properties, which of the following occupies the most volume at 273 K and 1 atm of pressure?

• One mole of hydrogen gas

• They all occupy the same volume

• One mole of oxygen gas

• One mole of nitrogen gas

Atmospheric air is comprised, roughly, of 80% nitrogen and 20% oxygen. A 100 L sample of atmospheric air is kept at 300 K and 100 kPa. How many moles of oxygen molecules are found in this gas sample? Use R = 10 (L kPa)/(mol K)

• 4/5

• 2/3

• 3/2

• 1/5

Shown below are four mercury barometers of the same height (all four barometer tubes measure one meter from the tube opening to rounded top). Which barometer shows the greatest external pressure?

• Barometer C

• Barometer D

• Barometer A

• Barometer B