Mitosis & Meiosis

What is the primary function of mitosis in multicellular organisms?

• To produce gametes

• To repair and replace damaged cells

• To increase genetic diversity

• To reduce chromosome number by half

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-4

Which of the following best describes the role of DNA in cells?

• DNA provides energy for cellular processes.

• DNA codes for the production of proteins.

• DNA transports nutrients across the cell membrane.

• DNA acts as a structural component of the cell.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

During which phase of mitosis do the chromosomes line up in the center of the cell?

• Prophase

• Metaphase

• Anaphase

• Telophase

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-4

Explain how mitosis contributes to the growth of an organism.

• Mitosis increases the number of cells, allowing the organism to grow larger.

• Mitosis reduces the number of chromosomes, leading to growth.

• Mitosis creates genetic variation, which promotes growth.

• Mitosis eliminates old cells, preventing growth.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-4

How does the structure of DNA allow it to store genetic information?

• The double helix structure allows for easy replication.

• The sequence of nitrogenous bases encodes genetic information.

• The sugar-phosphate backbone provides stability.

• The hydrogen bonds between bases prevent mutations.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-1

A scientist is studying a cell that is undergoing mitosis. She observes that the chromosomes are being pulled apart to opposite ends of the cell. Which phase of mitosis is she observing?

• Prophase

• Metaphase

• Anaphase

• Telophase

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-4

Describe the relationship between DNA, genes, and chromosomes.

• Genes are segments of DNA, and chromosomes are structures that contain many genes.

• Chromosomes are segments of genes, and DNA is the structure that contains chromosomes.

• DNA is made up of chromosomes, and genes are the structures that contain DNA.

• Genes are made up of chromosomes, and DNA is the structure that contains genes.

Using a model, explain how mitosis and differentiation work together to maintain complex organisms.

• Mitosis produces identical cells, while differentiation allows these cells to become specialized for different functions.

• Mitosis creates genetic diversity, and differentiation maintains this diversity.

• Mitosis reduces chromosome number, and differentiation increases it.

• Mitosis and differentiation both produce identical cells for growth.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-4

A student is asked to clarify the role of chromosomes in inheritance. Which question would best help the student understand this role?

• How do chromosomes replicate during cell division?

• How do chromosomes determine the sex of an organism?

• How do chromosomes carry genetic information from parents to offspring?

• How do chromosomes mutate over time?

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-1

Evaluate the impact of errors during mitosis on an organism. Provide an example to support your explanation.

• Errors during mitosis can lead to genetic diversity, such as in the case of beneficial mutations.

• Errors during mitosis can cause diseases, such as cancer, due to uncontrolled cell division.

• Errors during mitosis can enhance an organism's ability to adapt to its environment.

• Errors during mitosis can result in increased energy production in cells.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-4