In a diagram depicting the solar system as heliocentric, what is located at the center?

• Earth

• the sun

• the moon

• Mars

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-1

Ocean tides are the result of

• the rotation of Earth.

• the sun’s gravitational pull on Earth.

• changes in Earth’s orbital position around the sun.

• differences in both the sun’s and moon’s gravitational pull on Earth.

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-1

Study Figure 25-1. Suppose you are an astronaut on the side of the moon facing Earth during a total lunar eclipse. Which would you see as you look toward Earth?

• Earth illuminated by reflected moonlight.

• The normal view; there is always reflected light from the moon’s surface.

• You could not see the sun because Earth blocks its light.

• The light from the sun behind Earth would be blinding.

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-1

The distance between stars is typically measured in

• light-years

• liometers

• astronomical units

• miles

Stars appear to move because

• the moon changes position in the sky.

• the Sun orbits the Earth.

• the moon moves with the stars.

• the Earth is rotating on its axis.

This is a photo of the constellation Orion. Orion can be seen from most places in the world at some point during the year. Orion is not seen from the same place all year long because

• Orion orbits the Sun, changing its position relative to the Earth.

• Orion orbits the Earth like the Moon does.

• the Earth orbits the Sun, changing the night view from Earth.

• the Earth rotates, making Orion visible during the day from some places and during the night from others.

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-1

Why do other stars appear so much dimmer than the Sun?

• All the other stars are much smaller than the Sun.

• The Sun is much hotter than all the other stars.

• All the other stars are much farther away from us than the Sun.

• The Sun is much brighter than all the other stars.

Kyle was riding in the car at night. He noticed that the headlights of other cars seemed to get larger as they came closer to him.

How are the headlights of the cars similar to the stars and the Sun?

• The Sun appears larger because it is closer to Earth.

• The Sun is smaller than all of the other stars in the galaxy.

• The Sun is larger than all of the other stars in the galaxy.

• The Sun appears smaller because it is closer to Earth.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-1

Charlie looks into the sky with his telescope. One of the stars he sees is a small dot of light named Vega.

Vega is about twice as wide as the Sun. Why does Vega look so much smaller than the Sun?

• Its height is much smaller.

• It is much farther away.

• It doesn't give off as much light.

• It isn't as hot.

A sailor is in a sailboat on the ocean at night and cannot see land. She wants to know the direction of true north. Without knowing her position, how can she use astronomy to find true north?

• measure the angle between the Sun and the Moon

• use a telescope to see the direction the stars face

• locate the stars that reflect light from the Moon

• find the position of the North Star in the sky