Conducting Ethical Research

The Tuskegee syphilis experiments are considered unethical because of the use of

• debriefing

• informed consent

• deception

• coercive incentives

Which of the following represent the moral values and ideals of a discipline?

• Belmont code

• Nuremberg code

• ethical standards

• ethical principles

Which of the following represent the specific rules of an ethical code of conduct?

• Belmont code

• Nuremberg code

• ethical standards

• ethical principles

Which of the following is true about informed consent process?

• It occurs after the participants begin the study.

• It includes informing participants of the risks and benefits of the study.

• It includes telling participants they cannot withdraw at any point in the study.

• It must be in writing.

When a study involves interviews with 16-year-old participants, which of the following is the most accurate?

• You must obtain informed consent from the parent or legal guardian.

• If a parent or guardian gives consent, it is not necessary to inform the 16-year-old about the purpose, risk, and benefits of the study.

• If the parent gives consent, the 16-year-old must participate.

• The 16-year-old’s interview information must be shared with the parent.

The American Psychological Association allows for the use of deception under certain circumstances. Which of the following is one of the necessary circumstances?

• The use of deception would make the study more interesting.

• The study is only expected to cause emotional, but not physical, distress.

• The researchers debrief participants as soon as possible regarding the deception.

• The researchers provide adequate compensation to the participants.

What is one of the arguments against using deception in research?

• It takes too much time.

• It is very work-intensive.

• It may cause a researcher to have emotional distress.

• It may damage the reputation of the discipline.

______ occurs when a participant’s responses are kept private, although the researcher may be able to link each participant to his or her responses.

• Informed consent

• Debriefing

• Confidentiality

• Anonymity

______ occurs when a participant’s responses cannot be linked to his or her responses.

• Informed consent

• Debriefing

• Confidentiality

• Anonymity

______ is essential to a research study, but ______ is not always possible.

• Anonymity; confidentiality

• Confidentiality; anonymity

• Incentives; the right to withdraw

• Debriefing; informed consent