Quiz about Ecosystem Ecology - APES

Question 1

In the energy pyramid shown, which organism has the least amount of biomass?

Accepted Answer

Top Predator

Answer

Producers

Answer

Herbivores

Answer

Carnivores

Question 2

Which step of the nitrogen cycle does NOT involve bacteria?

Accepted Answer

Assimilation

Answer

Nitrogen fixation

Answer

Denitrification

Answer

Nitrification

Question 3

Which species is the producer?

Accepted Answer

A

Answer

B

Answer

C

Answer

D

Question 4

In this Food Web Pyramid, which type of consumer gets 10% of the energy stored in plants?

Accepted Answer

Herbivore

Answer

Carnivore

Answer

Omnivore

Answer

Top carnivore

Question 5

Humans impose the largest negative impact on the carbon cycle by ________________

Accepted Answer

burning fossil fuels

Answer

cultivating crops

Answer

harnessing solar power

Answer

mining

Question 6

Eutrophication in lakes results from

Accepted Answer

An increase in nutrients in the lake

Answer

Overfishing due to tragedy of the commons

Answer

A decrease in temperatures

Answer

An increase in carbon dioxide in the air

Question 7

Nitrogen becomes available to plants by all of the following processes EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

denitrification by denitrifiying bacteria

Answer

ammonification

Answer

nitrification by nitrifying bacteria

Answer

nitrogen fixation in plant nodules

Question 8

Which of the following best explains why there are usually no more than five trophic levels in a food chain?

Accepted Answer

energy is lost at each trophic level

Answer

there are not enough organisms to fill more than five levels

Answer

there is too much competition among the organisms at the lower levels to support more animals at higher levels

Answer

the statement is not true; there can be unlimited amount of trophic levels

Question 9

Which would have the greatest biomass?

Accepted Answer

A

Answer

B

Answer

C

Answer

D

Question 10

Organisms that live at or near deep ocean vents and derive energy from inorganic sulfur compounds are called:

Accepted Answer

chemoautotrophs

Answer

autotrophs

Answer

heterotrophs

Answer

biotrophs

Question 11

A forest has a GPP of 3.8 kg C/m2/year and the rate of cellular respiration is 2.4 kg C/m2/year. What is the NPP?

Accepted Answer

1.4 kg C/m2/year

Answer

6.2 kg C/m2/year

Answer

9.12 kg C/m2/year

Answer

1.58 kg C/m2/year

Question 12

At which stage of the hydrologic cycle are conditions most likely to contribute to the development of an algal bloom?

Accepted Answer

Runoff

Answer

Evaporation

Answer

Infiltration

Answer

Transpiration

Question 13

What is the effect of deforestation on the carbon cycle?

Accepted Answer

Increase in the amount of CO2 in the atmosphere

Answer

Decrease in the amount of CO2 in the atmosphere

Answer

Increase in the amount of photosynthesis

Answer

Deforestation has no impact on the carbon cycle

Question 14

Which element is the most abundant in the atmosphere?

Accepted Answer

Nitrogen

Answer

Carbon

Answer

Hydrogen

Answer

oxygen

Question 15

Use the 10% rule and the pyramid
How many kcal will become incorporated in the tissues of the tertiary consumers?

Accepted Answer

500 kcal

Answer

5,000 kcal

Answer

50,000 kcal

Answer

50 kcal

Question 16

Parasitism, mutualism, and commensalism are examples of _______.

Accepted Answer

symbiosis

Answer

food chains

Answer

food webs

Answer

trophic levels

Question 17

What do producers compete for?

Accepted Answer

sunlight

Answer

mates

Answer

food

Answer

prey

Question 18

What do consumers compete for?

Accepted Answer

all of these

Answer

shelter

Answer

mates

Answer

food

Question 19

If you are studying ALL the living and nonliving things you are studying the what?

Accepted Answer

Ecosystem

Answer

Organism

Answer

Community

Answer

Population

Question 20

Which pair of biogeochemical cycles are most associated with inorganic fertilizer and sewage waste?

Accepted Answer

Phosphorus and Nitrogen cycles

Answer

Carbon and Nitrogen cycles

Answer

Carbon and Sulfur cycles

Answer

Sulfur and Nitrogen cycles

Answer

Sulfur and Water cycles

Question 21

Choose the correct sequence for energy flow within an ecosystem

Accepted Answer

Producers --> herbivores--> carnivores --> scavengers

Answer

Herbivores --> producers --> carnivores --> scavengers

Answer

Producers --> carnivores --> herbivores--> carnivores

Answer

Scavengers--> carnivores --> herbivores--> producers

Question 22

The diagram shows that carbon is transferred through the atmosphere. If an animal breathes out carbon dioxide, this is an example of:

Accepted Answer

Respiration

Answer

Combustion

Answer

Photosynthesis

Question 23

What is produced (made) through cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Carbon dioxide, water, and ATP (energy)

Answer

Glucose and oxygen

Answer

Glucose and carbon dioxide

Answer

Carbon dioxide and oxygen

Question 24

What are the inputs and outputs of photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

Inputs: water and carbon dioxide
Outputs: glucose and oxygen

Answer

Inputs: carbon dioxide and oxygen.
Outputs: glucose and water.

Answer

Inputs: Glucose and oxygen.
Outputs: Water and carbon dioxide.

Answer

Inputs: Glucose and carbon dioxide.
Outputs: water and oxygen.

Question 25

What percent of energy is transferred between trophic levels in an energy pyramid?

Accepted Answer

10%

Answer

50%

Answer

100%

Answer

25%

Question 26

Rabbits eat grass and other plants to survive, but they do not eat animals. What kind of animal are rabbits?

Accepted Answer

Primary Consumer

Answer

Producer

Answer

Secondary Consumer

Answer

Decomposer

Question 27

Nitrogen fixation is when...

Accepted Answer

Nitrogen gas is converted to ammonia/ammonium

Answer

Ammonia is converted to nitrates and nitrites

Answer

Nitrates are converted to nitrogen gas

Answer

Plants absorb ammonium and nitrate to create DNA

Question 28

Assimilation is when...

Accepted Answer

Plants absorb ammonium and nitrate to create DNA

Answer

Nitrogen gas is converted to ammonia/ammonium

Answer

Ammonia is converted to nitrates and nitrites

Answer

Nitrates are converted to nitrogen gas

Question 29

Denitrification is when...

Accepted Answer

Nitrates are converted to nitrogen gas

Answer

Nitrogen gas is converted to ammonia/ammonium

Answer

Ammonia is converted to nitrates and nitrites

Answer

Plants absorb ammonium and nitrate to create DNA

Question 30

Which of the following is a source of phosphorus?

Accepted Answer

Erosion of rocks

Answer

Respiration

Answer

Forest fires

Answer

Refining fossil fuels

Question 31

Which of the following is a carbon SINK?

Accepted Answer

Photosynthesis

Answer

Respiration

Answer

Combustion

Answer

Forest fires

Question 32

Which ecosystems have the highest diversity?

Accepted Answer

Intermediate levels of disturbance

Answer

Low levels of disturbance

Answer

No disturbances

Answer

High levels of disturbance

Question 33

Which value is always the largest?

Accepted Answer

GPP

Answer

NPP

Answer

Respiration

Answer

They're all the same.

Question 34

When a disturbance does not change the ecosystem's flow of energy and matter, the ecosystem has...

Accepted Answer

High resistance

Answer

Low resistance

Answer

Low resilience

Answer

Low biodiversity

Question 35

Most of the nutrients in a tropical rain forest are found in plants so,

Accepted Answer

the rainforest soil is poor in nutrients

Answer

the rain forest soil is very rich.

Answer

there are few animals in the rain forest.

Answer

there are few plants in the rainforest.

Question 36

Has permafrost; in the Arctic or Antarctic

Accepted Answer

polar tundra

Answer

alpine tundra

Answer

savanna

Answer

desert

Question 37

The sun's rays are least direct

Accepted Answer

near the poles

Answer

near the equator

Answer

at high altitudes

Answer

far from the ocean

Question 38

Climates are classified according to two major factors:

Accepted Answer

precipitation and temperature

Answer

elevation and precipitation

Answer

latitude and temperature

Answer

elevation and latitude

Question 39

Which interaction would benefit both organisms in a relationship?

Accepted Answer

Mutualism

Answer

Predation

Answer

Commensalism

Answer

Competition

Question 40

An ecological niche is determined by

Accepted Answer

the role a species has in an ecosystem.

Answer

where a species lives.

Answer

all the populations of an ecosystem.

Answer

what a species eats.

Question 41

Coniferous (Or Boreal) forests are characterized by:

Accepted Answer

Pine forests, cold winters, spring water movement, large mammals,and no reptiles.

Answer

Pine forests, quarterly seasons, permafrost, large mammals, and no reptiles.

Answer

Pine forests, summer temperatures above 110^oC, few large mammals, and extremely diverse amphibian species.

Answer

Grasslands, extremely diverse insects, few trees, and seasonal fires.

Question 42

In an ecosystem, productivity is BEST defined as...

Accepted Answer

The rate at which autotrophs convert energy into biomass.

Answer

The rate at which herbivores convert producers into usable food.

Answer

The rate at which primary consumers convert herbivores into usable food.

Answer

The rate at which apex predators control the numbers of prey items.

Question 43

The process of converting sun light energy into usable biomass is called ___________________.

Accepted Answer

Photosynthesis

Answer

Cellular respiration

Answer

Primary digestion

Answer

The carbon cycle

Question 44

The portion of a fundamental niche that is fully utilized by a species is a _______________.

Accepted Answer

Realized niche

Answer

Vertical niche

Answer

Consumer niche

Answer

Regulated niche

Question 45

A species that is non-native to an ecosystem and begins consuming resources is a(n) __________________ species.

Accepted Answer

Invasive species

Answer

Transient species

Answer

Intraspecific species

Answer

Keystone species

Question 46

The process of __________pulls water through the plants circulatory system and exiting the leaf stomata.

Accepted Answer

Transpiration

Answer

Photosynthesis

Answer

Mesophyll movement

Answer

Cytoplasmic streaming

Question 47

Species A is found inside Species B feeding directly off of its liver. Species A is a _____________.

Accepted Answer

Parasitic species

Answer

Mutualistic species

Answer

Commensil species

Answer

Herbivore

Question 48

Species A works cooperatively with Species B so that both benefit and survive. Species A and B exhibit the behavior of _____________.

Accepted Answer

Mutualism

Answer

Parasitism

Answer

Commensilism

Answer

Resource partitioning

Question 49

A species that has a wide-ranging influence over other species in a food web would be a _________________ species.

Accepted Answer

Keystone

Answer

Competitive

Answer

Pioneer

Answer

Invasive

Question 50

If two species occupy the same ecological niche, they are said to be

Accepted Answer

in competition

Answer

in a mutualistic relationship

Answer

predator/prey

Answer

in a parasitic relationship

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