Causal Relationships

Which situation describes a correlation that is not a causal relationship?

• The rooster crows, and the Sun rises

• The more miles driven, the more gasoline needed

• The more powerful the microwave, the faster the food cooks

• the faster the pace of a runner, the quicker the runner finishes

Which situation does not describe a causal relationship

• The higher the volume on a radio, the louder the sound will be

• The faster a student types a research paper, the more pages the paper will have

• The shorter the distance driven, the less gasoline that will be used

• The slower the pace of a runner, the longer it will take the runner to finish the race

Which phrase best describes the relationship between the number of miles driven and the amount of gasoline used?

• causal, but not correlated

• correlated, but not causal

• both correlated and causal

• neither correlated or causal

A study showed that a decrease in the cost of carrots led to an increase in the number of carrots sold. Which statement best describes this relationship?

• positive correlation and a causal relationship

• negative correlation and a causal relationship

• positive correlation and not a causal relationship

• negative relationship and not a causal relationship