Origin of Life Quiz

The diagram shows fossils in different rock layers. Which of these statements about the age of these fossils is most likely correct?

• Fossil A and C are the same age
  
• Fossil B is older than fossil C
• Fossils A is older than fossil B
• Fossil D is older than fossil C

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-4

NGSS.MS-LS4-1

Based upon the conditions of the early Earth, which forms of live most likely appeared first?

• Prokaryotic and aerobic
• Prokaryotic and anaerobic 
• Eukaryotic and aerobic
• Eukaryotic and anaerobic

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NGSS.HS-LS2-3

The theory of Endosymbiosis explains...

• The origin of eukaryotes
• How species develop
• How bacteria evolved
• Why cells rely on one another

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NGSS.HS-LS4-1

The Miller-Urey experiment of 1953 was designed to test the hypothesis that lightning supplied the energy needed to turn atmospheric gases into organic molecules such as amino acids. Which of the following describes why the Miller-Urey theory is widely accepted today? 

• Amino acids spontaneously form from molecules in the atmosphere today
•  Organic molecules are present today in extremely high concentrations
• The process of synthesizing organic molecules from a mixture of gases has been successfully modeled in the laboratory
• No other alternative hypotheses have been introduced

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NGSS.HS-LS1-6

The two extant species that are closely related to each other are __.

• A and B
• B and C
• C and D
• D and E

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NGSS.HS-LS4-1

Why do many scientist believe that free oxygen was not present in early earth's atmosphere?

• Free oxygen could not have been present because there were no plants to produce it

• Free oxygen would have reacted with and destroyed organic molecules as they formed

• Free oxygen was not needed for a living cell to assemble from nonliving materials

• Free oxygen would have escaped from the early atmosphere into space due to high temperatures

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NGSS.HS-ESS1-6

NGSS.HS-LS2-3

In what way are protocells similar to living cells?

• They have a semipermeable membrane and can grow and divide

• They contain genetic material

• They have a phospholipid bilayer

• They contain true proteins similar to the ones found in living cells

According to the theory of endosymbiosis, how did cells acquire mitochondria?

• A eukaryotic cell engulfed a virus

• A large aerobic cell engulfed a chloroplast

• A large anaerobic cell engulfed a small aerobic bacterium

• A large anaerobic cell engulfed a photosynthetic bacterium

According to theory of endosymbiosis, how did plant cells evolve

• An anaerobic cell engulfed a chloroplast

• An aerobic, eukaryotic cell engulfed a photosynthetic bacterium

• An anaerobic cell engulfed a small aerobic bacterium

• A large anaerobic cell engulfed a photosynthetic bacterium

How are mitochondria and chloroplasts like bacteria cells?

• They divide by meiosis

• They can make their own food

• They have the same membrane-bound organelles

• They contain their own DNA