Evolution Evidence and Natural Selection

Individuals that are well adapted to their environment will survive and produce:

• Fewer mutations
• Stronger genes
• More offspring
• Better traits

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You look at two species and see very similar DNA. What does this likely tell you?

• These are the same animal.
• These animals have a common ancestor.
• These animals are not likely related.
• These animals are likely becoming one species.

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Horse breeding for specific desired traits is an example of which type of evolutionary evidence?

• Artificial selection
• Embryology
• Fossils
• Biochemical molecules

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Lamarck’s theory of evolution includes the concept that new traits appear because:

• natural variation and natural selection.
• use and disuse
• the environment is unchanged
• the natural variations are present within a population.

The finches on the Galapagos island were similar in form except for variations of their beaks. Darwin observed that these variations were useful for:

•  attracting a mate
•  defending territory
•  building nests
•  gathering food
  

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The picture below shows long and short necked giraffes and what happened to shorter necked giraffes over time. What does this demonstrate?

• Fossil evidence
• Anatomical structures
• Extinction
• Natural selection

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Giant fossil ferns have been found in Canada. What conclusion can be drawn from this evidence?

• Canada once had a much warmer climate.
• Giant dragonflies once live among the ferns.
• Canada was once covered by ancient sea.
• Dinosaurs once lived in Canada.

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How does natural selection lead to evolution?

• Stronger offspring kill weaker members of the species.
• Helpful traits accumulate among surviving members of the species.
• Overproduction provides food for stronger members of the species.
• Environmental changes kill weaker members of the species.

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Common ancestry relates to evolution because

• evolution only happens when there are common ancestors.
• Common ancestors make evolution happen more quickly.
• evolution can never take place with common ancestors.
• the more two organisms have in common, the more recent is their common ancestor during their evolution.

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In the the third embryonic stage (bottom row), mammal embryos _____

• have more characteristics in common with each other than with reptiles or birds.
• are still hard to tell from reptiles and birds.
• have the same features as fish, reptiles, and birds.
• do not have tails.

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