Mechanisms of Evolution

A(n)________ is a measure of how common a certain allele is in a population.

• Allele Frequency

• Gene Pool

• Genotypical Number

• Genetic Drift

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Which of the following best describes gene pool?

• The alleles only in the immediate family members

• A total set of different alleles in a population

• A frequency of given alleles in a population

• Half the number of the alleles within the population

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Which of the following is an example of the bottleneck effect?

• Cheetah populations reach their lowest levels with reduced diversity and as they rebound are so genetically similar they appear to be inbred.

• Affected individuals with blue skin can trace their ancestry back to one of the first settlers in the region.

• The environment of a fox population changes and over time foxes who are white survive and pass on their genes to their offspring.

• Humans choose two dogs they like the characteristics of and breed them together.

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Genetic drift is change in the allele frequency of a population due to...

• random chance

• natural selection

• non-random mating (sexual selection)

• artificial selection

Which of the following is an example of the founder effect?

• Bald Eagles are hunted until near extinction, population recovers.
• Small group of iguanas floats to an island, starts a new population.
• Red fox pups are more likely to survive in a snowy environment if they are born white.
• Farmer chooses seeds from largest apples to plant next year.  This results in larger apples from year to year.

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is when genes (organisms) come into or leave a population

• Genetic Drift

• Founder Effect

• Gene Flow

• Bottleneck

Bats are common in Texas, especially in rocky regions. Bats with longer hang claws have demonstrated higher fitness because of their ability to cling to rock while resting.

• Natural Selection

• Non-random mating

• Gene Flow

• Mutation

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Darwin referred to this as survival of the fittest. Over time, it results in changes in the inherited characteristics of a population because organisms with adaptations that make them fit for their environment will survive and reproduce better than those without favorable traits.

• Natural Selection
• Genetic Variation
• Survival of the Fittest

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Genetic differences between organisms of the same species

• Variation
• Adaptation
• Behavior
• Environment

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When animals with varied traits reproduce sexually, chromosomes are crossed over in prophase I which creates new alleles, this mechanism of evolution is

• mutation

• gene flow

• genetic recombination

• natural selection

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