1. Gilded Age Unit Test MHS

Which Andrew Carnegie quotation best explains why he funded libraries like the one in this photograph?

• “Under the law of competition, the employer of thousands is forced into the strictest economies, . . . and often there is friction between the employer and the employed.”

• “The price which society pays for the law of competition, like the price it pays for cheap comforts and luxuries, is... great.”

• “The best means of benefiting the community is to place within its reach the ladders upon which the aspiring can rise.”

• “This, then, is . . . the duty of the man of wealth: To set an example of modest, unostentatious living, shunning display or extravagance.”

During the nineteenth century, one way political bosses gained voter support was by —

• campaigning for women’s suffrage

• advocating the use of poll taxes

• making improvements in urban infrastructure

• providing public assistance for former slaves

This cover from a nineteenth-century periodical helps illustrate that the United States was beginning to change from —

• a mostly rural society to a mostly urban one

• a slave-owning society to one without slavery

• a foreign policy of isolationism to one of interventionism

• a direct democracy to a representative one

Which group of people most likely inspired the creation of this 1893 cartoon?

• Union leaders

• Philanthropists

• Political bosses

• Nativists

During the Gilded Age there was a notable increase in federal support for —

• the growth of big business

• involvement in foreign wars

• the acquisition of foreign territories

• increased temperance regulations

This table supports the conclusion that in 1900 —

• people moved to areas with religious protections similar to those in their native country

• geographic proximity to native countries influenced immigration patterns

• economic incentives offered by native countries encouraged emigration

• people moved to areas with government regulations similar to those in their native country

Which of the following was the main reason for the rapid settlement of the Great Plains during the late 1800s?

• Congress passed a law requiring all public lands to be sold at auction.

• Congress passed a law allowing people to claim public land and convert it to private property through homesteading.

• Speculators bought large parcels of land and then built factory towns to attract new immigrants

• Native Americans sold most of their tribal lands directly to railroad companies.

What was one reason for the expansion of machine politics in the late nineteenth century?

• The rapid influx of immigrants made it difficult for local governments to provide basic services.

• Federal restrictions prevented voters from influencing government decisions at the local level.

• The economy was too tightly regulated to allow urban growth.

• Settlement houses failed to help immigrants adjust to life in the city.

Nineteenth-century nativist organizations advocated —

• limiting federal military power through the organization of local militias

• conserving natural resources through the creation of national parks

• globalizing the economy through participation in free-trade agreements

• promoting an ethnically homogeneous society through restrictions on immigration

How did the invention shown in this patent illustration affect industry?

• Machines needed to be repaired less frequently.

• Products could be manufactured on an assembly line.

• Businesses needed to hire skilled workers.

• Factories could extend working hours.