4th Grade - 4th SW Science

Caves are large empty spaces below the surface of the earth. Which of the following processes forms caves over millions of years?

• Rivers carry mud and silt and then deposit them.

• Water flowing underground carries away minerals.

• Volcanic eruptions leave behind hollow areas.

• Ocean currents move sediments along the beach.

A farmer notices that soil on the farm has been decreasing over the past few months. What environmental factor is most likely related to the loss of soil?

• Recent heavy rains

• Steady increase in temperatures

• Abundant crop yields

• Decrease in temperatures

Dunes are large piles of sand that shift slowly around in deserts and on beaches. What causes the dune to move from place to place?

• Rushing rivers

• Blowing winds

• Freezing water

• Weathering rock

Where is one most likely to find rocks that have become smooth and rounded?

• At the bottom of an ocean

• Deep within Earth

• On the top of a hill

• In a fast-moving river

This rock formation formed over many millions of years. What force most likely created it?

• A glacier pushing rocks ahead of it

• A river bringing rocks down a mountain

• Wind-blown sand carving large rocks

• A volcano blasting rocks great distances

This image shows a canyon. What natural force is responsible for creating this change to Earth’s surface?

• Wind blowing

• Ice freezing

• Water moving

• Snow falling

Which of the following changes to the earth’s surface is mostly created by moving wind?

• Deep cracks forming

• Rock getting rounded

• Large dunes moving

• Tall mountains rising

Slow changes like weathering, erosion and deposition are the result of moving water and ice along with _______________.

• pressure

• heat

• tides

• wind

When ice forms, it causes weathering by ____________________.

• holding water

• lifting sediment

• cooling wind

• breaking rocks

The breaking down of rock by wind, water, and ice is an example of which slow process that changes Earth’s surface?

• erosion

• deposition

• weathering

• sedimentation