Middle Ages

The word viking comes from their word for

• exploring

• fishing

• raiding

• sailing

When nobles were away from their castles, who ran their estates?

• serfs

• their friends and neighbors

• vassals

• their wives and daughters

What was the Hundred Years’ War?

• a series of revolts by serfs

• the battle against the plague

• a civil war over territories in Germany

• a war between England and France over French lands

How did the Black Death affect Europe’s economy?

• Food prices soared.

• Wages rose and trade declined.

• The land became overcrowded.

• It strengthened the feudal system.

What allowed trade to resume in Europe by 1100?

• the uniting of Western Europe

• a surplus of goods and safer travel

• the mining of coins

• the discovery of the printing press

The Inquisition was

• a series of holy wars.

• a wealthy group of monks.

• a civil service examination.

• a Church court that tried heretics.

Alfred the Great

• was a very powerful pope.

• ruled Normandy.

• drove the Vikings out of Britain.

• led the Crusades.

Serfs were feudal peasants who

• were enslaved and forced to work on large estates.

• owned land and could hire laborers to work for them.

• could not leave the manor, own property, or marry without approval

• worked part of the year on farms and part of the year in towns.

The Concordat of Worms

• permitted the Italian city-states to elect the Roman emperor.

• allowed the pope to name bishops but only the German emperor could give them government jobs.

• settled a feudal dispute between king of England and king of France.

• gave control of Flanders to the English.

Moscow became an important city because it

• was a trading center.

• was the center of the Holy Roman Empire

• was the capital of the Mongol Empire

• played a key role in the Crusades.