What is thermal energy?

• The average kinetic energy of the molecules in a substance

• The total kinetic energy of the molecules in a substance

• The potential energy stored in a substance

• The energy required to change the state of a substance

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-3

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

Why did the mug of soup cool down more than the bowl of soup after adding the ice cube?

• The mug had more soup than the bowl

• The mug had less total kinetic energy than the bowl

• The ice cube was larger in the mug

• The mug was made of a material that absorbed more heat

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

Explain why the soup and the air eventually reach the same temperature.

• Because the soup absorbs energy from the air

• Because energy transfers from the soup to the air until equilibrium is reached

• Because the air cools down the soup by absorbing its molecules

• Because the soup and air have the same number of molecules

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

What happens to the kinetic energy of the soup molecules when the soup cools down?

• It increases

• It decreases

• It remains the same

• It fluctuates

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

If you add more soup to the bowl, what happens to its total kinetic energy?

• It decreases

• It increases

• It remains the same

• It becomes zero

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

How does the number of molecules in a substance affect its thermal energy?

• More molecules decrease thermal energy

• More molecules increase thermal energy

• The number of molecules has no effect on thermal energy

• Fewer molecules increase thermal energy

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Why might the air temperature not noticeably change when the soup cools down?

• The air has a much higher total kinetic energy than the soup

• The air is a poor conductor of heat

• The soup does not transfer energy to the air

• The air absorbs energy too quickly

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-3

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

What is the relationship between temperature and average kinetic energy?

• Temperature is the total kinetic energy of a substance

• Temperature is the average kinetic energy of a substance

• Temperature is unrelated to kinetic energy

• Temperature is the potential energy of a substance

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

If the soup in the mug is reheated in the microwave, what happens to the average kinetic energy of its molecules?

• It decreases

• It increases

• It remains the same

• It becomes zero

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

Describe how energy transfer occurs between the soup and the air.

• Energy is transferred from the air to the soup

• Energy is transferred from the soup to the air

• Energy is transferred equally between the soup and the air

• No energy transfer occurs

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-3

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5