7SCI: Thermal Energy Review

Students are challenged to design cold packs for treating injuries. To do this they must find a chemical reaction that absorbs heat energy. The ideal chemical reaction will reach a temperature in the range of 0°C to 4°C and maintain that temperature for a minimum of 20 minutes. Based on a room temperature of 25°C, which reaction best fits the criteria of the design challenge?

• Temperature Change: -25°C

  Duration of Change: 25 min.

• Temperature Change: -23°C

  Duration of Change: 15 min.

• Temperature Change: -30°C

  Duration of Change: 25 min.

• Temperature Change: +22°C

  Duration of Change: 30 min.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ETS1-1

NGSS.MS-ETS1-2

NGSS.MS-ETS1-3

NGSS.MS-PS1-6

Meals-ready-to-eat (MREs) are packaged meals that include their own disposable heat pack to warm the food. Students are challenged to duplicate MREs in the science classroom using chemical reactions. The final product must be safe and light. Based on the observations, which chemical reaction would be the best choice for making a heat pack?

• Thermal Energy: Released

  Amount Required to Produce Reaction: 100 kg

  Substance Produced: Harmless gas

• Thermal Energy: Absorbed

  Amount Required to Produce Reaction: 10 g

  Substance Produced: Water

• Thermal Energy: Released

  Amount Required to Produce Reaction: 3 g

  Substance Produced: Toxic gas

• Thermal Energy: Released

  Amount Required to Produce Reaction: 5 g

  Substance Produced: Water

Tags

NGSS.MS-ETS1-1

NGSS.MS-ETS1-2

NGSS.MS-PS1-2

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-3

Two chemicals are combined in a beaker and react. What data would provide the best evidence for determining if the reaction absorbed or released thermal energy?

• The masses of the substances before and after the reaction

• The temperature inside the beaker before and after the reaction

• Whether or not light and sound were produced during the reaction

• How long it took for the reaction to take place once the chemicals combined

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

The chemical reaction must meet the following criteria:

Produce a drop in temperature of at least 15°C

Require no more than 50 grams total of reactants

One group of students combines 30 grams of one substance with 25 grams of another substance and produce a drop in temperature of 18°C. This group of students need to redesign their product because they have failed to meet which of the design challenges?

• Produce a drop in temperature of at least 15°C

• Require no more than 50 grams total of reactants

Tags

NGSS.MS-ETS1-1

NGSS.MS-ETS1-2

Students must design a device that produces the maximum amount of heat with the smallest amount of Reactant 2. How much of Reactant 2 should they use to meet the criteria of the design challenge?

• 10 grams

• 15 grams

• 20 grams

• 25 grams

Tags

NGSS.MS-ETS1-1

NGSS.MS-PS1-6

NGSS.MS-PS3-3

The relationship between the temperature of a system and the total energy of the system depends on what factors?

• Whether or not all the parts of the system are connected

• The ability of scientists to accurately measure the thermal energy of the system

• Whether or not the system is in motion at the time

• The type, states, and amount of matter in the system

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

Four metal cubes, each at a different starting temperature, are placed in contact with each other. Which of the following describes the most likely flow of thermal energy in this situation?

• Cube #4 to Cube #2

• Cube #1 to Cube #2

• Cube #3 to Cube #4

• Cube #1 to Cube #3

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Students are testing different materials to find the one that transfers the most heat energy. Based on the graph of the time and temperature data, which material was most effective at transferring thermal energy?

• Material 1

• Material 2

• Material 3

• Material 4

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-3

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

An investigation to determine which material can maximize heat energy transfer would most likely include which of the following?

• Hot water placed in containers made of different substances

• Ice cubes sealed in containers of various sizes

• Metal objects heated to a variety of temperatures

• Air temperature recorded at different times of day

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-3

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

The relationship between the temperature and the total energy of a system depends on all of the following EXCEPT

• the color of matter present

• the type of matter present

• the amount of matter present

• the state of matter present

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS3-2

NGSS.HS-PS3-4