1.3.2. Databases

What is a relational database?

• A database which recognises the difference between entities and uses different tables for each entity.
• A database that consists of a single file, usually about one entity
• A unique identifier for each record in a table.
• The attribute which links two tables together
• An index other than the primary key used to search and sort through the database with more convenience and speed.

What is an entity?

• An item of interest about which information is stored.
• A unique identifier for each record in a table.
• The attribute which links two tables together
• An index other than the primary key used to search and sort through the database with more convenience and speed.

What is a flat file?

• A database that consists of a single file, usually about one entity
• A database which recognises the difference between entities and uses different tables for each entity.
• A unique identifier for each record in a table.
• The attribute which links two tables together
• An index other than the primary key used to search and sort through the database with more convenience and speed.

What is a primary key?

• A unique identifier for each record in a table.
• The attribute which links two tables together
• An index other than the primary key used to search and sort through the database with more convenience and speed.
• An item of interest about which information is stored.

What is a foreign key?

• The attribute which links two tables together
• An index other than the primary key used to search and sort through the database with more convenience and speed.
• A unique identifier for each record in a table.
• An item of interest about which information is stored.

What is a secondary key?

• An index other than the primary key used to search and sort through the database with more convenience and speed.
• A unique identifier for each record in a table.
• The attribute which links two tables together
• An item of interest about which information is stored.

What does capturing data mean?

• The process of getting the information that will be stored in the database.
• the process of removing excess information to extract only the data you require.
• To manipulate the information collected in any type of way such as through sorting through it or selecting certain parts using SQL.
• finding the similarities or patterns among small, decomposed problems that can help us solve more complex problems more efficiently
• the process of filtering out – ignoring - the characteristics of patterns that we don't need in order to concentrate on those that we do

What method do banks use to capture data from cheques?

• Magnetic Ink Character Recognition (MICR) is used for all of the details apart from the amount which must be entered manually.
• surveys, statistics about usage, and qualitative data collection techniques. While performing a research quantitative data is gathered first and then the qualitative strategies are used.
• Observation is a data collection technique that is performed by monitoring or viewing the subject.
• For collecting the data through this technique, interviews are performed in groups or on a one-on-one basis.
• Surveys are performed through questionnaires. A standard set of questions are used for performing the survey of any specific topic.

What does selecting data mean?

• the process of removing excess information to extract only the data you require.
• breaking down a complex problem or system into smaller parts that are more manageable and easier to understand.
• finding the similarities or patterns among small, decomposed problems that can help us solve more complex problems more efficiently
• the process of filtering out – ignoring - the characteristics of patterns that we don't need in order to concentrate on those that we do
• The process of getting the information that will be stored in the database.

What does managing the data mean?

• To manipulate the information collected in any type of way such as through sorting through it or selecting certain parts using SQL.
• finding the similarities or patterns among small, decomposed problems that can help us solve more complex problems more efficiently
• the process of filtering out – ignoring - the characteristics of patterns that we don't need in order to concentrate on those that we do
• breaking down a complex problem or system into smaller parts that are more manageable and easier to understand
• the process of removing excess information to extract only the data you require.