Astronomy ( Chapter 14)

In the late 1800s, Calvin and Helmholtz suggested that the sun stayed hot things to gravitational contraction. What was the major drawback of this idea?

• It is physically impossible to generate heat simply by making a star shrink in size

• it predicted that the sun could last only about 25 million years, which is far less than the age of the earth

• They predicted that the sun would shrink noticeably as we watched it in the sun appears to be stable in size

• They predicted the earth would also shrink, which would make it impossible to have stable geology on our planet

What do we mean when we say that the sun is in gravitational equilibrium?

• This is another way of stating that the sun generates energy by nuclear fusion

• The sun always has the same amount of mass, creating the same gravitational force

• There is a balance within the sun between the outward push of pressure and the Inward pull of gravity

• The sun maintains a steady temperature

What is the sun made of?

• 50% hydrogen, 25% helium, 25% other elements

• 70% hydrogen, 28% helium, 2% other elements

• 98% hydrogen, 2% helium and other elements

• 70% helium, 28% hydrogen, 2% other elements

What are the appropriate units for the suns luminosity?

• Watts

• Kilograms

• Newtons

• Meters

What is the average temperature of the surface of the sun?

• 100,000 Kelvin

• 1000 Kelvin

• 6000 Kelvin

• 1 million Kelvin

Which is the closest to the temperature of the core of the sun?

• 10,000 Kelvin

• 1 million Kelvin

• 1000 Kelvin

• 10 million Kelvin

From the center outward, which of the following list the layers of the sun in the correct order?

• Core, radiation zone, confection zone, corona, chromosphere, photosphere

• Core, radiation zone, convection zone, photosphere, chromosphere, corona

• Core, convection zone, radiation zone, corona, chromosphere, photosphere

• Core, corona, radiation zone, convection zone, photosphere, chromosphere

Which layer of the sun do we normally see?

• Corona

• Radiations zone

• Chromosphere

• Photosphere

The core of the sun is?

• Constantly rising to the surface through convection

• Hotter and denser Than the surface

• Composed of iron

• At the same temperature and density at the surface

Why do sun spots appear dark in pictures of the sun?

• They actually are fairly bright but appear dark against that even brighter background of the surrounding son

• They emit light in other wave links that we can’t see

• They are holes in the solar surface through which we can see to deeper, darker layers of the sun

• They are too cold to emit any visible light