BIOLOGY EOC Category 1

4A Students use a microscope to look for structures present in four different cells. The students placed an X for each structure that was viewed for each cell on the table shown.

Which cell that was viewed is most likely a prokaryote?

• Cell W

• Cell X

• Cell Y

• Cell Z

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-2

NGSS.MS-LS1-1

5A The karyotype, or chromosomal profile, for humans is shown. A karyotype can be used to investigate genetic disorders.

The chemical colchicine is used in the production of karyotypes. Colchicine prevents spindle fibers from forming during the cell cycle.

What is a result of preventing spindle fibers from forming?

• The cell cycle skips G0 phase and repeats G1 phase.

• Mitotic division is skipped, and the cell cycle proceeds to cytokinesis.

• Mitotic division stops in metaphase and cannot proceed to anaphase.

• The cell cycle skips S phase and proceeds to G2 phase.

4C A student produces a labeled drawing of a virus for a presentation. The student states that the capsid has a function similar to the nuclear membrane found in animal cells.

Which of these describes the similar functions of capsids and nuclear membranes?

• Both transport proteins throughout the structures.

• Both provide energy for activities in the structures.

• Both protect genetic information for the structures.

• Both code for the proteins needed for reproduction of the structures.

4B A type of cellular transport is shown.

Which description best identifies this type of cellular transport?

• Active transport, because energy is being used to move molecules against the concentration gradient

• Facilitated diffusion, because energy is being used to move molecules with the concentration gradient

• Osmosis, because energy is not being used to move molecules with the concentration gradient

• Endocytosis, because energy is not being used to move molecules against the concentration gradient

5C When cells lose their ability to regulate the cell cycle, they can divide at an accelerated rate and form a mass of cells. This mass of cells is referred to as —

• a tumor

• an embryo

• a gland

• an organ

4C In 1898 Friedrich Loeffler and Paul Frosch found evidence that the cause of the highly contagious hoof-and-mouth disease in livestock was a microscopic infectious particle. It was discovered that this particle requires a host cell to reproduce.

Which pathogen is most likely responsible for causing hoof-and-mouth disease in livestock?

• A bacterium, because it is contagious

• A fungus, because it infects livestock

• A protist, because it is microscopic

• A virus, because it requires a host cell to reproduce

4A A student groups different types of cells as shown. Which table headings should the student use for the two groups?

• #1 Animal Cells

  #2 Plant Cells

• #1 Prokaryotic Cells

  #2 Eukaryotic Cells

• #1 Mobile Cells

  #2 Motile Cells

• #1 Fungal Cells

  #2 Bacterial Cells

5A This model of the cell cycle includes two arrows that each represent a process in the cycle. What do the two arrows represent?

• Arrow 1 represents prophase, and Arrow 2 represents interphase.

• Arrow 1 represents mitosis, and Arrow 2 represents meiosis.

• Arrow 1 represents interphase, and Arrow 2 represents mitosis.

• Arrow 1 represents meiosis, and Arrow 2 represents prophase.

4A: A student is studying a prepared slide of a single-celled organism with a microscope. A single-celled organism can be classified as a prokaryote based on the absences of:

• a cell membrane

• ribosomes

• chromosomes

• a nucleus

5A: Part of the cell cycle is shown in this simplified model. This part of the cell cycle is best described as the process that:

• duplicates DNA

• completes cell division

• maintains genetic homeostasis

• synthesizes new molecules