L3 Evidence of Evolution

The diagram below shows a portion of the fossil record in sedimentary rock. Different rock layers and fossils are clearly visible.

Which layer of rock is the oldest?

• Layer A is the oldest.

• Layer B is the oldest.

• Layer D is the oldest.

• They are all the same age.

Which of these cases provides embryological evidence that two species share a common ancestor?

• two species with very similar DNA

• two species with different body structures

• two species with different structures that have similar functions

• two different species with similar patterns of early development

William discovered that two modern-day species have very similar DNA. He concludes that the two species are closely related. What type of evidence did William most likely use to reach his conclusion?

• fossil evidence

• genetic evidence

• structural evidence

• evidence from developmental patterns

Juan is studying fossils. His teacher wrote the following statements on the board and asked the students to put them in the correct order to describe how fossils are formed.

1. Minerals seep into the organism’s body and replace it with stone.

2. The organism completely decomposes, leaving behind an imprint.

3. An organism dies and its body is covered with a layer of sediment.

4. Time passes, and sediment layers continue to build up on the organism.Which is the correct order of events for fossil formation?

• 3, 4, 1, 2

• 2, 3, 4, 1

• 1, 3, 2, 4

• 3, 2, 1, 4

Which of these descriptions is an example of an unused body structure?

• a bat’s wing that enables it to fly

• the tiny leg bones found in snakes that have no legs

• the front legs of a dog that supports its weight as it walks and runs

• the tentacles of an octopus that aid it in movement and catching prey

___________ are the remains or imprints of once-living organisms.

• fossil

• fossil record

• embryology

• unknown

A _________ is the most recent species from which two different species have evolved.

• embryology

• common ancestor

• fossil record

If organisms develop in similar ways, they also likely share a common ancestor. The study of development is called _________________.

• fossil record

• embryology

• chemistry

• net force

The most basic principle of dating rocks and the remains of organisms inside is “the __________ it is, the older it is.”

• younger

• older

• deeper

• browner

Which of the following is a fossil?

• a golden chalice

• hominid bones

• a can of spam

• spearheads