Embryology

Which of these is NOT used to refer to a mammalian embryo at some point in its development?

• Larvae

• Zygote

• Embryo

• Fetus

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The diagram shows a portion of the embryonic development of an alligator, a chicken, and a pig. These embryos ________.

• are more similar earlier in their development than they are later in their development

• develop into their adult forms at the same rate

• have the same structures as an adult as they have as an embryo

• have the same appearance at the beginning of their development as they do at the end of their development

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An embryonic stem cell is a cell that can differentiate into any type of tissue. What is the latest stage in which you can find embryonic stem cells?

• Gastrula

• Neurula

• Morula

• Blastula

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The image shows the embryos of four animals. Based on these images, which statement is true?

• The chick and tortoise are more closely related to the fish than to the salamander.

• The fish and salamander are closely related.

• The salamander is more closely related to the tortoise and the chick than the fish.

• The tortoise is more closely related to the salamander than to the duck.

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In what order do the following features develop, from earliest to latest?

• Eyes, limb buds, neural groove

• Limb buds, neural groove, eyes

• Neural groove, limb buds, eyes

• Limb buds, eyes, neural groove

The image shows the development of two embryos. Based on the image, which statement is true?

• Their tails will be the same length at birth.

• Their tails and legs are different as embryos.

• Their eyes and heads are similar as embryos.

• Their brains will function the same way after birth.

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This image shows the development of four embryos. Which embryos have the most similarities in terms of their structure and development?

• salamander and calf

• rabbit and calf

• salamander and rabbit

• rabbit and fish

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This image shows the embryos of six animals. Based on these images, which statement is true?

• Tortoises and humans are more closely related to each other than to other embryos.

• Chicks and pigs are more closely related to humans than to calves.

• Tortoises and chicks are more closely related to each other than to the other four embryos.

• Chicks and rabbits are more closely related to pigs than to humans.

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Which of these is NOT one of the three germ layers in the early embryo?

• Mesoderm

• Neuroderm

• Ectoderm

• Endoderm

The process by which less specialized cells change to become more specialized cells that perform a different function than before is known as _________.

• Distinction

• Divergence

• Differentiation

• Demarcation

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