8.3/8.4 Quiz

The process that makes an exact copy of a cell’s DNA is called

• conservation

• preservation

• replication

• synthesis

What are the main functions of DNA polymerase?

• breaks hydrogen bonds and exposes bases

• holds DNA strands apart and attracts bases

• zips and unzips the double-stranded DNA

• binds nucleotides and corrects base pair errors

Which of the following events occurs directly after a DNA molecule is unzipped?

• Mismatched nucleotide bases are identified and replaced

• Free-floating nucleotides pair up with exposed bases

• Identical double-stranded DNA molecules are formed

• Enzymes break hydrogen bonds between base pairs

The process of making new DNA molecules is semiconservative. This means that every new DNA molecule is composed of

• two completely identical strands of DNA

• one original and one new strand of DNA

• one strand of DNA and one strand of RNA

• two strands that mix original and new DNA

When new DNA molecules are formed, almost all errors are detected and fixed by

• the correct nucleotide

• the sugar-phosphate backbone

• DNA polymerase

• one DNA strand

The central dogma of molecular biology states that information flows in one direction from

• nuclei to RNA to cytoplasm

• ribosomes to proteins to DNA

• genes to nuclei to ribosomes

• DNA to RNA to proteins

Choose the nucleotide sequence of the RNA strand that would be complementary to the following DNA strand: GTAGTCA

• UATUAGA

• ACGACTG

• CAUCAGU

• CATCAGT

The main function of tRNA is to

• carry a message that, when translated, forms proteins

• form a portion of ribosomes, a cell’s protein factories

• string together complementary RNA and DNA strands

• bring amino acids from the cytoplasm to the ribosomes

Which of the following events occurs directly after RNA polymerase recognizes the transcription start site of a gene?

• The polymerase strings amino acids into a polypeptide.

• RNA polymerase pairs free-floating nucleotides with exposed DNA bases

• A complementary RNA strand detaches itself from the DNA

• The DNA strand begins to unwind, separating the two strands

A primary difference between transcription and replication is that transcription

• happens repeatedly throughout a single cell cycle

• occurs within the nucleus of eukaryotic cells

• is catalyzed by large and complex enzymes

• proceeds according to careful cellular control