Unit 3 Energy

Which of the water samples described below has the greatest average kinetic energy per molecule?

• 1 liter of ice at a temperature of –50°C

• 10 liters of ice at a temperature of –75°C

• 1 liter of water at a temperature of 75°C

• 10 liters of water at a temperature of 50°C

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS3-2

The kinetic energies of particles in a sample of matter are increasing. This sample is MOST likely

• liquid that is warming.

• a gas that is cooling.

• a liquid that is turning into a solid.

• a gas that is turning into a liquid.

Which sequence has the states of matter listed from least to greatest kinetic energy?

• solid → gas → liquid

• gas → liquid → solid

• liquid → solid → gas

• solid → liquid → gas

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

The mean molecular kinetic energies of two samples of the same gas are compared. Which statement BEST compares Sample 1 and Sample 2?



• Sample 2 is denser than Sample 1.

• Sample 2 is more massive than Sample 1.

• Sample 2 has a higher temperature than Sample 1.

• Sample 2 has more chemical energy than Sample 1.

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS3-2

Three fundamental states of matter are represented in the diagrams below.

What is the order of the diagrams if arranged from low kinetic energy to high kinetic energy?

• I, II, III

• II, III, I

• II, I, III

• III, II, I

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS3-4

How are the particles in a block of iron affected when the block is melted?

• The particles gain mass

• The particles contain less energy.

• The particles move more rapidly.

• The particles decrease in volume.

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS3-4

Mark collected and graphed data on water temperature change over time.

In what segment of his graph does the water have the lowest kinetic energy?

• 1–2

• 2–3

• 3–4

• 4–5

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS3-2

NGSS.HS-PS3-4

Which of the following BEST describes what a thermometer measures?

• amount of heat energy contained in a substance

• average kinetic energy of a substance’s molecules

• rate of flow of heat from a substance to the environment

• the melting point and boiling point of a substance

A 200-kg rock is at the top of a cliff. What happens to its energy as it begins to fall?

• Its kinetic energy is transformed into potential energy.

• Its potential energy is transformed into kinetic energy.

• Its potential energy increases.

• Its kinetic energy decreases.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-1

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

An electric motor turns the blades of a fan. The input energy of the motor and fan is electrical energy. The output energy is the mechanical energy of the turning blades. The energy output is less than the energy input.

Electrical Energy > Mechanical Energy

Which BEST explains what happened to the rest of the energy?

• It was destroyed.

• Most of it was lost as heat.

• It was converted into a charge.

• Most of it was stored as mass in the motor.