Quiz about Evolution of Landforms and Lifeforms

Question 1

Who is the person credited with developing the theory of continental drift?

Accepted Answer

Alfred Wegener

Answer

Harry Hess

Answer

Galileo

Answer

Newton

Question 2

Which type of fossil forms when minerals replace the remains of once living organisms and they become rock?

Accepted Answer

Petrified Fossil

Answer

Mold Fossil

Answer

Cast Fossil

Answer

Index Fossil

Answer

Trace Fossil

Question 3

Which type of fossil forms when a mold of a once living organism becomes filled with minerals that are not a part of the original organism.

Accepted Answer

Cast Fossil

Answer

Petrified Fossil

Answer

Mold Fossil

Answer

Index Fossil

Answer

Trace Fossil

Question 4

Which type of fossil is a mark that is formed in soft sediment by the movement or actions of an animal?

Accepted Answer

Trace Fossil

Answer

Petrified Fossil

Answer

Mold Fossil

Answer

Cast Fossil

Answer

Index Fossil

Question 5

According to paleontologists, how old is the Earth?

Accepted Answer

4.6 Billion Years Old

Answer

3.5 Billion Years Old

Answer

543 Million Years Old

Answer

57 Million Years Old

Question 6

Which dating strategy looks at where a fossil is located to determine its age relative to other fossils?

Accepted Answer

Relative Dating

Answer

Absolute Dating

Question 7

Which dating strategy uses radioactive elements to determine the actual age of a fossils?

Accepted Answer

Absolute Dating

Answer

Relative Dating

Question 8

Analyze the layers of undisturbed sedimentary rock in the attached image. Which layer of rock is oldest?

Accepted Answer

U

Answer

Q

Answer

R

Answer

S

Answer

T

Question 9

What type of event usually marks the end of a Geologic Era?

Accepted Answer

A mass extinction

Answer

A mass evolution

Answer

A mass selection

Answer

A mass destruction

Question 10

TRUE or FALSE: The Precambrian Era consists of 90% of Earth's history.

Accepted Answer

True

Answer

False

Question 11

Which of the following took place during the Precambrian Era?

(SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)

Accepted Answer

Formation of the Solar System

Accepted Answer

The Moon Formed

Accepted Answer

Microscopic, soft-bodied organisms developed

Accepted Answer

No land life present

Answer

Dinosaurs ruled the Earth

Question 12

Which of the following took place during the Paleozoic Era?

(SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)

Accepted Answer

Mass extinction occurred at the end

Accepted Answer

Life moved from the ocean to land

Accepted Answer

The first animal with a backbone appeared.

Accepted Answer

Reptiles, insects and ferns were common

Answer

Man appeared.

Question 13

Which of the following happened in the Mesozoic Era?

(SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)

Accepted Answer

Mammals, birds and flowering plants appeared

Accepted Answer

Dinosaurs ruled the Earth until a mass extinction

Accepted Answer

Most of North America was covered by vast sea

Answer

No land life present

Question 14

Which of the following happened in the Cenozoic Era?

(SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)

Accepted Answer

More land was exposed as the ocean levels fell

Accepted Answer

A series of Ice Ages occurred

Accepted Answer

Mammals appeared

Accepted Answer

Humans appeared

Answer

The Moon formed

Question 15

Which of the following is an accurate definition of the word fossil?

Accepted Answer

Preserved remains or traces of a once living organism

Answer

Any dead organisms.

Answer

Rock layers where once living organisms are found.

Answer

Bones from once living organisms

Question 16

Which type of fossil is a solid, 3D copy of the shape of an organism?

Accepted Answer

Cast fossil

Answer

Mold fossil

Answer

Trace fossil

Answer

Carbon film fossil

Question 17

What information can we learn from ice cores?

Accepted Answer

We can learn how the climate has changed.

Answer

We can learn how the dinosaurs died.

Answer

We can learn about ancient droughts.

Question 18

Ice cores ___________.

Accepted Answer

show the layers of snow and ice that have built up over thousands of years.

Answer

show layers of volcanic ash that have accumulated throughout time.

Answer

show layers of the oceans and their changes over time.

Question 19

Based on relative dating, which fossil is the oldest?

Accepted Answer

Trilobite

Answer

Ammonite

Answer

Crinoid

Answer

Gastropod

Question 20

According to the Law of Superposition, the oldest fossils are found _____________.

Accepted Answer

near the bottom of a layer of sedimentary rock.

Answer

at the top of a layer of sedimentary rock.

Answer

in the middle of a layer of sedimentary rock.

Answer

in any igneous rock layer.

Question 21

True or False: Faults are younger than the rocks they cut.

Accepted Answer

True

Answer

False

Question 22

The ____________ states that younger rocks lie above older rocks if the layers have not been disturbed

Accepted Answer

Law of Superposition

Answer

Law of Crosscutting

Answer

Theory of Evolution

Answer

Theory of Natural Selection

Question 23

A(n) ____________ is a break in the geologic record that is made when rock layers are eroded over a long period of time.

Accepted Answer

unconformity

Answer

geologic gap

Answer

evolutionary vacuum

Answer

vestigial structure

Question 24

In the attached image, which geologic structure is the oldest?

Accepted Answer

Layer E

Answer

Layer L

Answer

Intrusion D

Answer

Intrusion H

Question 25

Which type of fossil is formed when an organism is quickly buried and flattened by enormous pressure and only the carbon from the organism remains as a thin black film?

Accepted Answer

carbonized fossil

Answer

mold and cast fossil

Answer

trace fossil

Answer

tar pit fossil

Question 26

The layers of rock in this image have been disrupted by a(n):

Accepted Answer

fault

Answer

intrusion

Answer

unconformity

Answer

extrusion

Question 27

Why do intrusions and extrusions of igneous rock not have any fossils in them?

Accepted Answer

The high temperature of the magma destroyed any remains of organisms.

Answer

The rock in an intrusion/extrusion of igneous rock is too hard.

Answer

The rock in an intrusion/extrusion of igneous rock is too young.

Answer

Magma only existed on earth in the geologic eras before plants and animals.

Question 28

The best index fossils have which two traits?

Accepted Answer

widespread geographically, short lifespan

Answer

widespread geographically, long lifespan

Answer

specific place, long lifespan

Answer

specific place, short lifespan

Question 29

Why do the Earth's tectonic plates move?

Accepted Answer

the continuous movement of hot magma in the mantle.

Answer

the continuous rotation of the earth around its axis.

Answer

the continuous pull of the sun on the Earth's surface.

Answer

the continuous movement of the Earth's jet stream.

Question 30

What was the name given to all the Earth's continents when they were joined as one super continent?

Accepted Answer

Pangaea

Answer

Continental Drift

Answer

Eurasia

Answer

Plate tectonics

Question 31

The hypothesis that the continents slowly move across Earth's surface is called _____________.

Accepted Answer

Continental Drift

Answer

Pangaea

Answer

Supercontinent

Answer

Terrestrial separation

Question 32

The process in which populations of living organisms slowly change over time is called _________.

Accepted Answer

evolution

Answer

adaptation

Answer

natural selection

Answer

mutation

Question 33

Nature has a way of causing organisms that inherit advantageous traits to survive and reproduce more successfully than the ones that don't. This process is known as _____________.

Accepted Answer

natural selection

Answer

genetic variation

Answer

adaptation

Answer

overproduction

Question 34

Populations of species that do not adapt to their environment can eventually become _________.

Accepted Answer

extinct

Answer

stronger

Answer

resistant to change

Answer

naturally selected

Question 35

In both the past and the present, humans have selected plants or animals for breeding based on desirable traits. This process is known as _________.

Accepted Answer

artificial selection

Answer

natural selection

Answer

farming

Answer

cropping

Question 36

This image shares an example of __________.

Accepted Answer

homologous structures

Answer

vestigial structures

Answer

embryology

Answer

fossil record

Question 37

Some organisms that share a common ancestor have features that have different functions, but similar structures. These are known as ______________.

Accepted Answer

homologous structures

Answer

vestigial structures

Answer

analogous structures

Answer

embryology

Question 38

This image shares an example of _________.

Accepted Answer

Analogous structures

Answer

Homologous structures

Answer

Vestigial organs

Answer

Functional adaptions

Question 39

Structures that evolved independently in two living organisms to serve the same purpose are called _______.

Accepted Answer

Analogous Structures

Answer

Vestigial Structures

Answer

Homologous Structures

Answer

Unconformities

Question 40

Which statement provides the best evidence that Ambulocetus natans is an ancestor of Basilosaurus isis?

Accepted Answer

Homologous structures occur in each fossil

Answer

Similar nitrogenous bases are found in the DNA of each fossil

Answer

The fossils were found in different locations

Answer

The youngest fossils is larger than the older fossils

Question 41

The bones in the figure above are __________.

Accepted Answer

Evidence of a common ancestor

Answer

Evidence that animals can walk

Answer

Evidence that fossils are old

Answer

Evidence of artificial selection.

Question 42

How can the pattern of change in the fossil record best be explained?

Accepted Answer

The mollusks were well adapted to their stable environment. A large, sudden change occurred in their environment. After the change the mollusks with the bigger shells were better adapted for the new environment.

Answer

The mollusks were well adapted to their stable environment. The mollusks hybridized with a smaller species of mollusk. A new species of mollusk with a bigger shell resulted.

Answer

The mollusks were not well adapted to their environment. The length of the mollusks' shells changed gradually over time. The mollusks in the original population that had small shells died over a period of many years.

Question 43

Which of these two moths is likely to see an increase in population?

Accepted Answer

dark

Answer

light

Question 44

Darwin wrote that organisms with traits that are best suited to the environment will ________________.

Accepted Answer

increase in number

Answer

become extinct

Question 45

What is the study of organisms at the early stages of development called?

Accepted Answer

Embryology

Answer

Natural Selection

Answer

Artificial Selection

Answer

Evolution

Question 46

The opossum and kangaroo both incubate their young in a pouch. This provides evidence that they _____________.

Accepted Answer

are descended from a common ancestor

Answer

Have very similar skeletal structures

Answer

belong to the same species

Answer

must range great distances to eat

Question 47

Peppered Moths resemble the bark of the trees on which they live. Which statement provides the best explanation for this resemblance?

Accepted Answer

Natural selection played a role in this protective coloration.

Answer

The trees caused mutations in the insects.

Answer

The insect camouflage themselves based on where they land.

Question 48

Evolution is:

(SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)

Accepted Answer

evident in fossils found in the fossil record

Accepted Answer

the process by which species change over time

Accepted Answer

responsible for similarities we see across species

Accepted Answer

responsible for the great variety of things on Earth

Answer

A rapid process of genetic modification

Question 49

Fill in the blanks: As a species evolve, they develop ________ and ________ others.

Accepted Answer

new traits, lose

Answer

old traits, save

Answer

new traits, save

Answer

old traits, lose

Question 50

Traits that help an organism survive are called __________.

Accepted Answer

adaptations

Answer

vestigial structures

Answer

homologous structures

Answer

variations

Question 51

Most adaptations that help an organism survive are passed on from parent to child as ____________ traits?

Accepted Answer

inherited

Answer

adaptable

Answer

physical

Answer

vestigial

Question 52

Differences that exist naturally among members of a population or species are called __________.

Accepted Answer

variations

Answer

mutations

Answer

adaptations

Answer

evolutions

Question 53

True or False: Species with more variation are more likely to survive.

Accepted Answer

True

Answer

False

Question 54

True or False: Bacteria can pass along their resistance to antibiotics as an inherited trait?

Accepted Answer

True

Answer

False

Question 55

Scientists classify organisms based on their ___________.

Accepted Answer

Physical characteristics

Answer

Population

Answer

Age

Answer

Likes and Dislikes

Question 56

What is the correct order of biological classifications?

Accepted Answer

Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species

Answer

Phylum, Kingdom, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species

Answer

Kingdom, Phylum, Order, Class, Family, Genus, Species

Answer

Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Family, Genus, Species

Question 57

The scientific name for an organism comes from its ___________.

Accepted Answer

genus and species

Answer

class and phylum

Answer

family and species

Answer

kingdom and phylum

Question 58

The scientific name of a cherry blossom tree is Prunus yedoensis. What is its genus?

Accepted Answer

Prunus

Answer

Plantae

Answer

Yedoensis

Answer

Felis

Question 59

The scientific name of an Platypus is Ornithorhynchus anatinus. What is its species?

Accepted Answer

Anatinus

Answer

Ornithorhynchus

Evolution of Landforms and Lifeforms

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