Ecology Review

A fundamental concept of ecology is that living organisms

• are independent and do not interact with each other or with the physical environment.

• do not interact with other living organisms, but do interact with the physical environment

• interact with each other, but do not interact with the physical environment

• interact with other living organisms and interact with the physical environment

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All of Earth's water, land, and atmosphere within which life exists is known as

• a population

• a community

• a biome

• the biosphere

The diagram below represents relationships in an ecosystem.

What is the primary source of energy in this environment?

• cellular respiration in the plants

• energy from minerals in the soil

• fossil fuels

• solar energy

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One characteristic of a stable ecosystem is

• a high number of predators

• an interdependence of organisms

• a lack of biodiversity

• an increase in human interference

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The organisms in a pond and the physical factors influencing them best describe

• a population

• an ecosystem

• a biosphere

• a food chain

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Due to overfishing, the number of fish in the ocean could drastically decrease. This will cause

• an increase in the stability of the oceans

• an increase in the salt content of the oceans

• a decrease in the stability of the oceans

• a decrease in the oxygen available in the oceans

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The diagram below represents many species of plants and animals and their surroundings.What does the diagram best represent?

• a population

• a community

• an ecosystem

• the biosphere

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An earthworm lives and reproduces in the soil. It aerates the soil and adds organic material to it. The earthworm is a source of food for other organisms. All of these statements together best describe

• a habitat

• autotrophic nutrition

• an ecological niche

• competition

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Which statement best describes a characteristic of an ecosystem?

• It must have producers and consumers but not decomposers.

• It is stable because it has consumers to recycle energy

• It always has two or more different autotrophs filling the same niche

• It must have organisms that carry out autotrophic nutrition.

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A pond ecosystem is represented in the diagram below.

Energy for this ecosystem originally comes from

• water

• consumers

• sunlight

• plants

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