chapter 5 and 19 energy

Temperature is a measure of the...

• total energy in a substance
• total kinetic energy in a substance
• average potential energy in a substance
• average kinetic energy of molecules in a substance

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

The transfer of thermal energy between objects of different temperatures is called...

• temperature
• heat
• internal energy
• none of these

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NGSS.HS-PS3-4

When thermal energy is added to a substance, the substance's particles move:

• More rapidly at an increased diestance from each other.
• More rapidly with less distance between each other.
• More slowly with a greater distance between each other.
• More slowly with a reduced distance between each other.

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NGSS.HS-PS3-2

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A substance with a high specific heat:

• Is always extremely hot.
• Requires a lot of energy to become hot.
• Is not heavy.
• Does not requires a lot of energy to become hot.

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NGSS.HS-PS3-1

NGSS.HS-PS3-4

Thermal energy always moves:

• From a high temperature object to a lower temperature object.
• From a lower temperature object to a higher temperature object.
• From an object with lower kinetic energy to an object with higher kinetic energy.
• From an object of higher mass to an object of lower mass.

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NGSS.HS-PS3-2

NGSS.HS-PS3-4

Free energy change depends on

• entropy

• enthalpy

• temperature

• temperature and changes of entropy and enthalpy

The first law of thermodynamics states that energy is

• created
• destroyed
• conserved
• created and destroyed

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NGSS.HS-PS3-2

Which state of H₂O has the lowest entropy?

• Ice

• Water

• Vapor

As a system becomes more disordered, entropy

• remains the same
• increases
• decreases
• cannot be determined

Which is an example of decreasing entropy in a closed system?

• Boiling water

• Freezing water

• Cells in a body coming together

• Ice melting