MUSCLE PHYSIOLOGY Parts A & B

Which of the following is not a function of muscle?

• body movement

• propel food and fluids through the body

• generate and distribute body heat

• regulate body fluid levels and blood pH

Skeletal muscles use _____ to store extra energy.

• ADP

• creatine phosphate

• acetylcholine

• cholesterol

A molecule produced by a neuron and released from the synaptic terminal to stimulate (or inhibit) the next cell is called a:

• enzyme

• hormone

• neurotransmitter

• nucleic acid

Distance running and swimming are aerobic exercises that cause skeletal muscle to develop more __________ which help increase endurance.

• glycolytic enzymes

• actin and myosin

• sarcomeres

• capillaries and mitochondria

Forceful exercise, such as weight lifting, causes skeletal muscle to produce more ________ resulting in larger and stronger muscles.

• actin and myosin filaments

• capillaries and mitochondria

• acetylcholine

• myoglobin

After prolonged and strenuous exercise, muscles can lose their ability to contract. This is called muscle ______.

• tetany

• strain

• cramp

• fatigue

Uncontrolled stimulation of a muscle can cause a painful, forceful contraction of the muscle. This is known as ______.

• paralysis

• cramps

• summation

• tetany

During strenuous exercise, all of the following are believed to contribute to muscle fatigue except:

• an increase in ATP

• a decrease in blood flow

• build-up of lactic acid

• ion imbalances

In concentric muscle contraction:

• the muscle shortens during contraction

• the muscle lengthens during contraction

• the muscle stays the same length

• the resistance is greater than the force of contraction

The type of muscle contraction in which the muscle length stays the same, but the force of contraction may change, (ie when doing the plank position), is called:

• concentric contraction

• eccentric contraction

• isometric contraction

• isotonic contraction