From Resistance to Reservations

Which TWO of the following best identify the central idea of this text?

• The U.S. government was justified to treat the Indians harshly because they lost the American Indian Wars.

• The U.S. government put the needs of American settlers and homesteaders over the treaty-protected rights of American Indians to their land.

• The U.S. government did the most good possible by taking land from a few Indians to give to many settlers, minimizing violence for both sides.

• The Indians who did not resist American advancement and retreated to reservations were treated better than those who fought and eventually surrendered to the U.S. government.

• Life was difficult for Indians on reservations because they could not practice their ancestral ways of living nor adapt to new ways without proper resources and guidance.

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CCSS.RI. 9-10.2

CCSS.RI.8.2

CCSS.RL.11-12.2

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CCSS.RL.9-10.2

Which TWO phrases from the text best support the central idea of the text?

• “Crazy Horse had surrendered, but Sitting Bull and a small band of warriors escaped to Canada. Eventually, in 1881, they returned to the United States and surrendered due to hunger.” (Paragraph 8)

• “The Sioux and other Plains tribes lost their chief means of subsistence and mourned the loss of the animal, which was revered as sacred according to many tribal religions.” (Paragraph 15)

• “Previously dubbed "Indian Territory " by the federal government, Oklahoma had been used as a state-sized reservation of many tribes around the country, ranging from the Nez Percé of Idaho to the Cherokee of Georgia.” (Paragraph 20)

• “So, in 1889, the United States Government decided to break Oklahoma up from one reservation into many, with all the land left unassigned to a tribe up for grabs. Two million acres of Indian land would be available to homesteaders.” (Paragraph 21)

• “Nomadic tribes that followed animal migrations lost their entire means of subsistence by being constricted to a defined area. Farmers found themselves with land unsuitable for agriculture.” (Paragraph 24)

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CCSS.RI. 9-10.2

CCSS.RI.11-12.2

CCSS.RI.8.2

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CCSS.RL.9-10.2

What connection does the author draw between the Battle of the Little Bighorn and the U.S. government’s efforts to force American Indians onto reservations?

• After the battle, the U.S. government was frightened of the Indians’ strength and did not want to risk forcing Indians onto reservations for a significant period of time.

• After the battle, most Indians involved were encouraged to resist their relocation to reservations for years to come.

• After the battle, the U.S. government dealt harshly with any tribe that resisted relocation to reservations.

• After the battle, the U.S. government severely punished those involved but was more lenient to other tribes that resisted relocation to reservations.

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CCSS.RI. 9-10.6

CCSS.RI.11-12.6

CCSS.RI.8.9

CCSS.RL.8.6

CCSS.RL.9-10.6

What is the author’s main purpose in the text?

• To undo the myth of violence in the American West

• To question the fairness of American policy towards Indians

• To question to validity of the American Dream

• To discuss the lasting impacts of the American Indian Wars on Native Americans today

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CCSS.RI. 9-10.6

CCSS.RI.11-12.6

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CCSS.RL.9-10.6

How does paragraph 18 contribute to the author’s explanation of Indian resistance in the text?

• It reveals how harsh conditions can break the spirit of resistance.

• It reveals the selfish motivations of chiefs to resist American advancement.

• It reveals the defiance of the defeated Indian leaders who led resistance.

• It reveals how resistance ended because of an understanding between opposing leaders.

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CCSS.RI. 9-10.2

CCSS.RI.11-12.2

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CCSS.RL.9-10.2

How does the section “Reactions Back East,” from paragraphs 9-12, contribute to the development of ideas in the text?

• It captures the idealistic spirit of the American Dream and Manifest Destiny.

• It reveals the cruelty of the American people in their quest for more resources.

• It highlights the scarcity of support or empathy towards American Indians.

• It showcases how Americans checked the brutality of the U.S. government’s position towards American Indians.

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CCSS.RI.11-12.5

CCSS.RI.6.5

CCSS.RI.7.5

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CCSS.RI.9-10.5

Which of the following was NOT a reason that the U.S. Government implemented the campaign to kill the buffalo?

• It was an effort to destroy American Indian's ancestral way of life and force them to assimilate to Western culture.

• American Indians would have to turn to farming or starve.

• American Indians would need less land.

• The American Indians would be forced to purchase more buffalo from the US Government.

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CCSS.RI.8.1

CCSS.RI.8.8

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CCSS.RL.9-10.1

Why might the author choose to structure the text to end with a focus on the Dawes Act?

• The author chose to structure the text in chronological order, since the Dawes Act is still in place today.

• It proves how the Dawes Act restores peace amongst the American Indians and U.S. Government.

• It showcases the American Indians' resilience to preserve their cultural practices and ways of life despite the damage caused by the U.S. Government.

• It demonstrates how the U.S. Government helped the American Indians seamlessly assimilate to mainstream American life.

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CCSS.RI.11-12.5

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