Quiz: European Imperialism (part 1)

A main economic cause of the new imperialism of the 19th century was

• an increased demand for European manufactured goods.

• the need for raw materials for industrial production.

• a move from capitalism to communism by many European governments.

• an increased demand for goods manufactured in Asia.

What military advantages helped Western nations dominate much of the world in the late 1800s?

• airplanes and armored tanks

• chemical and biological weapons

• cannons and automatic rifles

• Maxim machine guns, repeating rifles, and steam-driven warships

How did Westerners justify their right to rule over other people?

• They believed that Western culture was superior to others.

• They adopted traditions of the colonized cultures as their own.

• They convinced colonized people that they would improve their lives.

• They convinced Africans and Asians that they only wanted to protect them.

How did Western imperialism affect the culture of the colonies?

• Colonized people were encouraged to adopt Christianity, while maintaining their own political and social traditions.

• Colonized people were encouraged to teach their languages and traditions to their Western rulers, which strengthened relations between the groups.

• Colonized people were encouraged to maintain their own religions, while adopting European languages and ideals.

• Colonized people were encouraged to adopt Christianity and European culture, and local traditions weakened.

Under which type of imperial rule would Westerners run the government within the colony?

• direct rule

• indirect rule

• sphere of influence

• protectorate

In the early 1800s, North Africa was different from southern Africa in that

• North Africa was part of the declining Ottoman Empire, while the Portuguese ruled southern Africa.

• North Africa was controlled by Zulu warriors, while southern Africa was ruled by a large Asante kingdom.

• North Africa was part of the declining Ottoman Empire, while southern Africa was controlled by a Zulu kingdom that was battling Boers.

• North Africa was controlled by Hausa rulers, while southern Africa was part of a declining Ottoman Empire.

Why did European contact with Africa increase in the 1800s?

• Cecil Rhodes and Leopold II traveled into the interior, showing other European leaders that such journeys were advantageous.

• Explorers and missionaries showed that travel into the interior was possible, due to medical advances and steamships.

• Europeans and Asians took a new interest in the slave trade, making increased contact valuable and necessary.

• An African elite welcomed Westerners, eager to learn the culture and religion of the neighbors they admired.

How did European nations come to rule most of Africa, despite the presence of strong African kingdoms?

• The Europeans had superior weapons.

• The Europeans convinced Africans that their ways were superior.

• The Europeans converted Africans to Christianity.

• The Europeans had better methods of government.

Why did European leaders hold the Berlin Conference?

• to ensure that traditional African boundaries were respected

• to promote African well-being through education and religion

• to prevent African nations from going to war with European nations

• to prevent European nations from going to war over Africa

What did Africans do to resist European rule in the late 1800s?

• They engaged in armed resistance and established nationalist movements.

• They set up new African governments.

• They tried to peacefully co-exist without resorting to violence.

• They seized control of natural resources and set up independent channels for trade.